A routing protocol for K-hop networks (2004)

by W List, N Vaidya
Venue:in Proc. of WCNC 2004
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Routing and channel assignment in multi-channel multi-hop wireless networks with single network interface

by Jungmin So, Nitin H. Vaidya , 2005
"... In this paper, we present a routing and channel assignment protocol for multi-channel multi-hop wireless net-works. We view a multi-hop network as an extension to infrastructure networks, where a mobile host may connect to an access point using multi-hop wireless routes, via other mobile hosts or wi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 27 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
In this paper, we present a routing and channel assignment protocol for multi-channel multi-hop wireless net-works. We view a multi-hop network as an extension to infrastructure networks, where a mobile host may connect to an access point using multi-hop wireless routes, via other mobile hosts or wireless routers. The access points are configured to operate on one of multiple available channels. Mobile hosts and wireless routers can select its operating channel dynamically through channel switching. In this environment, we propose a routing protocol that finds routes and assigns channels to balance load among channels while maintaining connectivity. The protocol works with nodes equipped with a single network interface, which distinguishes our work with other multi-channel routing protocols that require multiple interfaces per node. Supporting nodes with single network interface is beneficial because having multiple interfaces can be costly for small and cheap devices. The protocol discovers multiple routes to multiple access points, possibly operating on different channels. Based on traffic load information, each node selects the “best ” route to an access point, and synchronizes its channel with the access point. With this behavior, the channel load is balanced, removing hot spots and improving channel utilization. The channel assignment assures every node has at least one route to an access point, where all intermediate nodes are operating on the same channel. Our simulation results show that the proposed protocol successfully adapts to changing traffic conditions and improves performance over a single-channel protocol and a protocol with random channel assignment.
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On-demand TDMA scheduling for energy conservation in sensor networks

by Matthew J. Miller, Nitin H. Vaidya , 2004
"... Abstract — In this paper, we present two variants of an ondemand TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) MAC protocol. These protocols are designed specifically for sensor networks. Thus, they attempt to reduce energy consumption while still providing efficient delivery of sensor data to the sinks. The ..."
Abstract - Cited by 10 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract — In this paper, we present two variants of an ondemand TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) MAC protocol. These protocols are designed specifically for sensor networks. Thus, they attempt to reduce energy consumption while still providing efficient delivery of sensor data to the sinks. The two variants of the protocol presented in this paper are Busy Tone On-Demand Scheduling (BTODS) and On-Demand Scheduling (ODS). BTODS is designed for sensors capable of using noninterfering channels to transmit busy tones, while ODS is designed for single channel architectures. These protocols are designed to schedule slots for sensor-to-sink flows that do not interfere with existing flows. Thus, nodes can conserve energy by switching to a sleep state in slots in which they are neither sending nor receiving data. The tradeoffs between the two protocols are discussed in detail, along with the protocols ’ interactions with upper layers in the network stack. I.
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MRP: Wireless Mesh Networks Routing Protocol

by Jangeun Jun, Mihail L. Sichitiu
"... Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) are one of the few commonly implemented types of mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs); several companies offer WMNs for broadband Internet access and for extending the coverage of wireless local area networks. Several particularities differentiate WMNs from MANETs. First, in ..."
Abstract - Cited by 10 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) are one of the few commonly implemented types of mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs); several companies offer WMNs for broadband Internet access and for extending the coverage of wireless local area networks. Several particularities differentiate WMNs from MANETs. First, in WMNs, most of the traffic originates or terminates at the gateways (nodes connected to the wired infrastructure/Internet). Second, in most applications, WMN nodes tend to be neatly differentiated as either stationary nodes (providing connectivity and coverage) or mobile nodes (utilizing the coverage afforded by the stationary nodes). While general MANET routing protocols can be used in WMNs, it is expected that a protocol that takes the particularities of WMNs into account will outperform the general protocol. In this paper, we propose such a routing protocol and evaluate its performance via simulations. We show that, for WMNs, the proposed routing protocol outperforms general purpose MANET protocols in terms of routing overhead, packet delivery ratio, throughput and delay.

WIANI: Wireless Infrastructure and Ad-Hoc Network Integration

by Jiancong Chen, Shejie Li, S. -h. Gary, Chan Jingyi He - In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Korea , 2005
"... Abstract — Wireless networks have been widely deployed in recent years to provide high-speed Internet access to mobile users. In traditional IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs, all users directly connect to an access point (AP) and all packets are forwarded by the AP. As a result, the coverage and capacity o ..."
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Abstract — Wireless networks have been widely deployed in recent years to provide high-speed Internet access to mobile users. In traditional IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs, all users directly connect to an access point (AP) and all packets are forwarded by the AP. As a result, the coverage and capacity of the network is limited. If ad hoc mode is adopted in both the AP and mobile nodes, the one hop connections from AP can be extended to multiple hops. Such arhitecture, termed WIANI (Wireless Infrastructure and Ad-Hoc Network Integration) in this paper, is able to extend the network coverage beyond the coverage of APs. Furthermore, the users may take advantage of the ad hoc connections to forward local data and hence alleviating the traffic load through the AP and increasing the network capacity. In this paper, we propose a dynamic load-balancing protocol for WIANI in which all APs and nodes operate in ad hoc mode. Our protocol consists of two parts: the load-balancing zone forming and weighted x−hop routing algorithms. Using simulation, we show that our protocol improves system throughput and reduce packet delivery delay. Index Terms — Multi-hop wireless LAN, load-balancing routing, infrastructure network, ad hoc network, IEEE 802.11
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AN ANALYSIS OF THE FEASIBILITY AND APPLICABILITY OF IEEE 802.X WIRELESS MESH NETWORKS WITHIN THE GLOBAL INFORMATION GRID

by Eric J. Bach, Mark G. Fickel, Er Bordetsky , 2004
"... Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK i ..."
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK i

A Neural Networks-Based Hybrid Routing Protocol for

by Nenad Kojić, See Profile, Irini Reljin, Branimir Reljin, See Profile, Nenad Kojić, Irini Reljin, Branimir Reljin , 2012
"... All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. ..."
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All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
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Routing and Channel Assignment in Multi-Channel Multi-Hop Wireless Networks with

by unknown authors
"... Abstract — In this paper, we present a routing and channel assignment protocol for multi-channel multi-hop wireless networks. We consider a multi-hop network, where a mobile host may connect to an access point using multi-hop wireless routes, via other mobile hosts or wireless routers. Also, we cons ..."
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Abstract — In this paper, we present a routing and channel assignment protocol for multi-channel multi-hop wireless networks. We consider a multi-hop network, where a mobile host may connect to an access point using multi-hop wireless routes, via other mobile hosts or wireless routers. Also, we consider a multi-channel network where multiple non-overlapping (orthogonal) channels are available, and each host or router can dynamically select a channel to improve performance. In this environment, we propose a multi-channel routing protocol that works with nodes (mobile hosts or wireless routers) equipped with a single NIC (network interface card). Supporting single NIC devices is beneficial because having multiple network interface can be costly for small and cheap devices. Using the proposed protocol, nodes discover multiple routes to multiple access points possibly operating on different channels. Based on the traffic load information, each node selects the “best” route to an access point, and stays on the channel where the access point is on. With this behavior, the protocol balances load across the channels, thus removing hot spots and improving channel utilization. The channel assignment does not cause network partitions, assuring that if a path exists from a node to an access point, the node finds a route to an access point, where all the intermediate nodes and the destination are operating on the same channel. Our simulation results that the proposed protocol successfully adapts to changing traffic conditions and improves performance over a single-channel protocol and a protocol with random channel assignment. I.
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Networking in wireless ad hoc networks

by Jangeun Jun , 2006
"... In modern communication systems, wireless ad hoc networking has become an irreplaceable technology where communication infrastructure is insufficient or unavailable. An ad hoc network is a collection of self-organizing nodes that are rapidly deployable and adaptable to frequent topology changes. In ..."
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In modern communication systems, wireless ad hoc networking has become an irreplaceable technology where communication infrastructure is insufficient or unavailable. An ad hoc network is a collection of self-organizing nodes that are rapidly deployable and adaptable to frequent topology changes. In this dissertation, the key problems related to the network layer (i.e., forwarding, routing, and network-layer topology control) are addressed. The problem of unfair forwarding in ad hoc nodes is identified and cross-layer solutions are proposed. Because a typical ad hoc node functions both as a router and a host, severe unfairness occurs between originated and forwarded packets which eventually leads to a serious starvation problem. The results show that, to restore the fairness and enhance the capacity efficiency, non-traditional queueing schemes are required where both the network and the MAC layers should be considered together. Routing is a critical protocol, which directly affects the scalability and reliability of wireless ad hoc networks. A good routing protocol for wireless ad hoc networks should overcome the dynamic nature of the topology arising from unreliable wireless links and node mobility. In ad