This paper reviews some possible design criteria for the key schedule in a DES style cryptosystem. The key schedule involves a Key Rotation component, and the permutation PC2. Together these provide for a diffusion of dependency ofciphertext bits on key bits. Some empirical rules which seem to account for the derivation of the key schedule used in the DES are first presented. Anumber of trials were run with various key schedules, and some further design rules were derived. An alternative form of key schedule was then tested. This used either a null PC2, or one in which permutations only occurred within the inputs to a given Sbox, and a much larger rotation schedule than used in the DES. This was found to be as effective as the key schedule used in the current DES, and is proposed for use in new cryptosystems. 1.

This paper reviews some possible design criteria for the permutation P in a DES style cryptosystem. These permutations provide the diffusion component in a substitution-permutation network. Some empirical rules which seem to account for the derivation of the permutation used in the DES are first presented. Then it is noted that these permutations may be regarded as latin-squares which link the outputs of Sboxes to their inputs at the next stage. A subset of these with an extremely regular structure, and which perform well in a dependency analysis are then presented and suggested for use in future schemes of both current and extended versions of the DES. 1.