In this paper we present AFR, a new geometric mobile adhoc routing algorithm. The algorithm is completely distributed; nodes need to communicate only with direct neighbors in their transmission range. We show that if a best route has cost c, AFR finds a route and terminates with cost O(c ) in the worst case. AFR is the first algorithm with cost bounded by a function of the optimal route. We also give a tight lower bound by showing that any geometric routing algorithm has worst-case ). Thus AFR is asymptotically optimal. We give a non-geometric algorithm that also matches the lower bound, but needs some memory at each node. This establishes an intriguing trade-o# between geometry and memory.

Sensor networks pose a number of challenging conceptual and optimization problems such as location, deployment, and tracking [1]. One of the fundamental problems in sensor networks is the calculation of the coverage. In [1], it is assumed that the sensor has the uniform sensing ability. In this paper, we give efficient distributed algorithms to optimally solve the best-coverage problem raised in [1]. Here, we consider the sensing model: the sensing ability diminishes as the distance increases. As energy conservation is a major concern in wireless (or sensor) networks, we also consider how to find an optimum bestcoverage -path with the least energy consumption. We also consider how to find an optimum best-coverage-path that travels a small distance. In addition, we justify the correctness of the method proposed in [1] that uses the Delaunay triangulation to solve the best coverage problem. Moreover, we show that the search space of the best coverage problem can be confined to the relative neighborhood graph, which can be constructed locally.

In this paper we study a model for ad-hoc networks close enough to reality as to represent existing networks, being at the same time concise enough to promote strong theoretical results. The Quasi Unit Disk Graph model contains all edges shorter than a parameter d between 0 and 1 and no edges longer than 1. We show that -- in comparison to the cost known on Unit Disk Graphs -- the complexity results in this model contain the additional factor 1/d². We prove that in Quasi Unit Disk Graphs flooding is an asymptotically message-optimal routing technique, provide a geometric routing algorithm being more efficient above all in dense networks, and show that classic geometric routing is possible with the same performance guarantees as for Unit Disk Graphs if d 1/ # 2.

Topology control in ad-hoc networks tries to lower node energy consumption by reducing transmission power and by confining interference, collisions and consequently retransmissions. Commonly low interference is claimed to be a consequence to sparseness of the resulting topology. In this paper we disprove this implication. In contrast to most of the related work---claiming to solve the interference issue by graph sparseness without providing clear argumentation or proofs---, we provide a concise and intuitive definition of interference. Based on this definition we show that most currently proposed topology control algorithms do not effectively constrain interference. Furthermore we propose connectivity-preserving and spanner constructions that are interference-minimal.

We propose a novel localized algorithm that constructs a bounded degree and planar spanner for wireless ad hoc networks modeled by unit disk graph (UDG). Every node only has to know its 2-hop neighbors to find the edges in this new structure. Our method applies the Yao structure on the local Delaunay graph [21] in an ordering that are computed locally. This new structure has the following attractive properties: (1) it is a planar graph; (2) its node degree is bounded from above by a positive constant 19 + ⌈ 2π α ⌉; (3) it is a t-spanner (given any two nodes u and v, there is a path connecting them in the structure such that its length is no more than t ≤ max { π α,πsin 2 2 +1}·Cdel times of the shortest path in UDG); (4) it can be constructed locally and is easy to maintain when the nodes move around; (5) moreover, we show that the total communication cost is O(n), where n is the number of wireless nodes, and the computation cost of each node is at most O(d log d), where d is its 2-hop neighbors in the original unit disk graph. Here Cdel is the spanning ratio of the Delaunay triangulation, which is at most 4 √ 3 9 π. And the adjustable parameter α satisfies 0 <α<π/3. In addition, experiments are conducted to show this topology is efficient in practice, compared with other well-known topologies used in wireless ad hoc networks. Previously, only centralized method [5] of constructing bounded degree planar spanner is known, with degree bound 27 and spanning ratio t ≃ 10.02. The distributed implementation of their centralized method takes O(n 2) communications in the worst case. No localized methods were known previously for constructing bounded degree planar spanner.

We propose a new geometric spanner for static wireless ad hoc networks, which can be constructed efficiently in a localized manner. It integrates the connected dominating set and the local Delaunay graph to form a backbone of the wireless network.

The XTC ad-hoc network topology control algorithm introduced in this paper shows three main advantages over previously proposed algorithms. First, it is extremely simple and strictly local. Second, it does not assume the network graph to be a Unit Disk Graph; XTC proves correct also on general weighted network graphs. Third, the algorithm does not require availability of node position information. Instead, XTC operates with a general notion of order over the neighbors' link qualities. In the special case of the network graph being a Unit Disk Graph, the resulting topology proves to have bounded degree, to be a planar graph, and---on average-case graphs---to be a good spanner.

To date, topology control in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks—the study of how to compute from the given communication network a subgraph with certain beneficial properties—has been considered as a static problem only; the time required to actually schedule the links of a computed topology without message collision was generally ignored. In this paper we analyze topology control in the context of the physical Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise-Ratio (SINR) model, focusing on the question of how and how fast the links of a resulting topology can actually be realized over time. For this purpose, we define and study a generalized version of the SINR model and obtain theoretical upper bounds on the scheduling complexity of arbitrary topologies in wireless networks. Specifically, we prove that even in worst-case networks, if the signals are transmitted with correctly assigned transmission power levels, the number of time slots required to successfully schedule all links of an arbitrary topology is proportional to the squared logarithm of the number of network nodes times a previously defined static interference measure. Interestingly, although originally considered without explicit accounting for signal collision in the SINR model, this static interference measure plays an important role in the analysis of link scheduling with physical link interference. Our result thus bridges the gap between static graph-based interference models and the physical SINR model. Based on these results, we also show that when it comes to scheduling, requiring the communication links to be symmetric may imply significantly higher costs as opposed to topologies allowing unidirectional links.

supported by NSF CCR-0311174. Abstract — Topology control has been well studied in wireless ad hoc networks. However, only a few topology control methods take into account the low interference as a goal of the methods. Some researchers tried to reduce the interference by lowering node energy consumption (i.e. by reducing the transmission power) or by devising low degree topology controls, but none of those protocols can guarantee low interference. Recently, Burkhart et al. [?] proposed several methods to construct topologies whose maximum link interference is minimized while the topology is connected or is a spanner for Euclidean length. In this paper we give algorithms to construct a network topology for wireless ad hoc network such that the maximum (or average) link (or node) interference of the topology is either minimized or approximately minimized. Index Terms — Topology control, interference, wireless ad hoc networks.

This paper investigate fault tolerance for wireless ad hoc networks. We consider a large-scale of wireless networks whose nodes are distributed randomly in a unit-area square region. Given n wireless nodes V , each with transmission range rn , the wireless networks are often modeled by graph G(V,rn ) in which two nodes are connected if their Euclidean distance is no more than rn .