ions Implementation-level: pages, links, presentation styles Reuse Plug-in components; Reusable presentation styles Architecture Two-tiers, based on file system Static binding of content to pages Usability High graphical control through manual authoring High coherence through use of presentation styles Low customization, no adaptivity, no proactivity 236 . P. Fraternali ACM Computing Surveys, Vol. 31, No. 3, September 1999 metaphor (e.g., in Director, objects' synchronization is defined by editing the score for the cast members of a stage; see Figure 6). ---The type of database connectivity, which may range from support of an internal database, of an external database via gateway software (typically ODBC or JDBC), or of an external database through DBMS API. ---The type of Web connectivity, which may be achieved by means of a plug-in application extending a Web browser, or by exporting the hypermedia application into a network language. Web connectivity may affect database c...

Many Web sites include significant and substantial pieces of information, in a way that is often difficult to share, correlate and maintain. In many cases the management of a Web site can greatly benefit from the adoption of methods and techniques borrowed from the database field. This paper introduces a methodology for designing and maintaining large Web sites based on the assumption that data to be published in the site are managed using a DBMS. We see the process of designing the site as the result of two intertwined activities: the database design and the hypevtex't design. Each of these is further divided in a conceptual design phase and a logical design phase, based on specific data models. A new logical data model, called ADM, is used to describe the structure of a Web hypertext. It is page-oriented, in the sense that the main construct is the one of page-scheme, providing an intensional description of a class of pages in the site. Based on the ADM scheme of the site, we introduce a language, called PENELOPE, that allows to automatically generate HTML pages starting from the database content. PENELOPE is also able to correlate different pages in a complex hypertext using a suitable URL invention mechanism to guarantee reference integrity. ADM and PENELOPE strongly support site maintenance: the first provides a concise description of the site structure; it allows to reason about the overall organization of pages in the site, in order to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the chosen structure, and possibly to restructure it; at the same time, PENELOPE alleviates the burden of managing HTML files by hand, and guarantees link consistency in presence of updates and reorganizations.

mproving the quality of hypermedia design and reducing its cost is an important challenge for the information industry. One way to tackle the problem is to provide hypertext designers with appropriate development environments. Hypertext engineering environments that provide sets of integrated tools boost designers ’ efficiency and effectiveness.

this paper, we give a vision of third- and fourth-generation hypermedia, and some direction for developers to implement them on the web---and indeed in other information systems

( +) also at UNLM and COINCET. In this paper we show how to improve the architecture of Web Information Systems (WISs) using design patterns, in particular navigational patterns. We first present a framework to reason about the process of designing and implementing these applications. Then we introduce navigational patterns and show some prototypical patterns. We next show how these patterns have been used in some successful WIS. Finally we explain how patterns are integrated into the development process of WIS.

Reuse is increasingly strategic for reducing cost and improving quality of hypermedia design and development. In this paper, based on the design and development of a real hypermedia application, we classify and explore different types of reuse in hypermedia design. We show how constructive templates constitute a practical technique for capturing the specification of reusable structures and components and enabling the automation of the production process. We also discuss connections between constructive templates and design patterns.

Abstract. “A pattern... describes a problem which occurs over and over again in our environment, and then describes the core of the solution to that problem, in such a way that you can use this solution a million times over ” [1]. The possible benefits of using design patterns for Web applications are clear. They help fill the gap between requirements specification and conceptual modeling. They support conceptual modeling-by-reuse, i.e. design by adapting and combining already-proven solutions to new problems. They support conceptual modeling-in-the-very-large, i.e. the specification of the general features of an application, ignoring the details. This paper describes relevant issues about design patterns for the Web and illustrates an initiative of ACM SIGWEB (the ACM Special Interest Group on Hypertext, Hypermedia, and the Web). The initiative aims, with the contribution of researchers and professionals of different communities, to build an on-line repository for Web design patterns. 1

This paper proposes an object-oriented methodology for developing hypermedia information systems. The methodology consists of six phases: domain analysis, object modeling, view design, navigation design, implementation design, and construction. Users’ requirements are analyzed with a responsibility-driven technology using scenarios. Object-oriented views are generated as the result of object modeling, and then used for the subsequent navigation and implementation design. The implementation design phase deals with database schema, page structure and flow, and user interface. This methodology is effective for integrating enterprise databases with distributed hypermedia

As multimedia information systems begin to infiltrate organizations, there arises a need to capture and disseminate knowledge about how to develop them. Little is thus far known about the realities of multimedia systems development practice, or about how the development of multimedia systems compares to that of ‘traditional ’ information systems. Herein are discussed the findings of a survey of multimedia developers in Ireland. Practitioners generally agree that systematic approaches are desirable in order to beneficially add structure to development processes, but they are predominantly using their own in-house methods rather than those prescribed in the literature.

This article addresses the concern for effective web site design by means of the conceptualization and empirical validation of a web site user satisfaction construct. Based on IS success theory, hypermedia design theory, a qualitative exploratory pilot study, and a quantitative online critical incident technique, we introduce and define the construct of web site user satisfaction, explore its dimensionality, provide empirical validation of the construct and its underlying dimensionality, develop a standardized instrument with desirable psychometric properties for measuring WUS, and explore the measure's theoretical and practical application.