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155
Wide-area Internet traffic patterns and characteristics
- IEEE NETWORK
, 1997
"... The Internet is rapidly growing in number of users, traffic levels, and topological complexity. At the same time it is increasingly driven by economic competition. These developments render the characterization of network usage and workloads more difficult, and yet more critical. Few recent studies ..."
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Cited by 518 (0 self)
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The Internet is rapidly growing in number of users, traffic levels, and topological complexity. At the same time it is increasingly driven by economic competition. These developments render the characterization of network usage and workloads more difficult, and yet more critical. Few recent studies have been published reporting Internet backbone traffic usage and characteristics. At MCI, we have implemented a high-performance, low-cost monitoring system that can capture traffic and perform analyses. We have deployed this monitoring tool on OC-3 trunks within internetMCIâs backbone and also within the NSF-sponsored vBNS. This paper presents observations on the patterns and characteristics of wide-area Internet traffic, as recorded by MCIâs OC-3 traffic monitors. We report on measurements from two OC-3 trunks in MCIâs commercial Internet backbone over two time ranges (24-hour and 7-day) in the presence of up to 240,000 flows. We reveal the characteristics of the traffic in terms of packet sizes, flow duration, volume, and percentage composition by protocol and application, as well as patterns seen over the two time scales.
A parameterizable methodology for Internet traffic flow profiling
- IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS
, 1995
"... We present a parameterizable methodology for profiling Internet traffic flows at a variety of granularities. Our methodology differs from many previous studies that have concentrated on end-point definitions of flows in terms of state derived from observing the explicit opening and closing of TCP co ..."
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Cited by 169 (6 self)
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We present a parameterizable methodology for profiling Internet traffic flows at a variety of granularities. Our methodology differs from many previous studies that have concentrated on end-point definitions of flows in terms of state derived from observing the explicit opening and closing of TCP connections. Instead, our model defines flows based on traffic satisfying various temporal and spatial locality conditions, as observed at internal points of the network. This approach to flow characterization helps address some central problems in networking based on the Internet model. Among them are route caching, resource reservation at multiple service levels, usage based accounting, and the integration of IP traffic over an ATM fabric. We first define the parameter space and then concentrate on metrics characterizing both individual flows as well as the aggregate flow profile. We consider various granularities of the definition of a flow, such as by destination network, host-pair, or hos...
Internet Traffic Characterization
, 1994
"... : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : xii 1 Introduction : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1 1. The problem : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ..."
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Cited by 56 (0 self)
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: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : xii 1 Introduction : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1 1. The problem : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1 2. Overview of thesis : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 2 3. Contribution of our work : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 3 2 Taxonomy of traffic characteristics : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 5 1. Aggregation granularity : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 5 2. Host versus network centric perspective : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 7 3. Host centric perspective : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 7 1. Delay and jitter : : : : : ...
Evolution of Multiprotocol Label Switching
- IEEE Communications Magazine
, 1998
"... ith the advent of the World Wide Web, the Internet has seen enormous growth from its roots as a network of modest proportions, mostly used by the research and academic community, to a large public data network. Several thousands of corporate users and several millions of dialin residential users hav ..."
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Cited by 54 (0 self)
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ith the advent of the World Wide Web, the Internet has seen enormous growth from its roots as a network of modest proportions, mostly used by the research and academic community, to a large public data network. Several thousands of corporate users and several millions of dialin residential users have gone online in the last few years, making the Internet a true public data network. This accelerated growth in subscription has led to a surge of data in the Internet backbone. In order to keep up with this demand in service and bandwidth, all Internet service providers (ISPs) have scaled their networks severalfold, in both size and bandwidth. The forecast for this continuing growth is even more astounding [1, 2]. With fast emerging technologies, such as voice over IP and electronic commerce, the need to scale the
Toshiba’s Router Architecture Extensions for ATM: Overview", RFC 2098
- Work in Progress. [5
, 1997
"... This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. This memo describes a new internetworking architecture which makes better use of the property of ATM. IP datagrams are transferred along hop ..."
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Cited by 35 (0 self)
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This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. This memo describes a new internetworking architecture which makes better use of the property of ATM. IP datagrams are transferred along hop-by-hop path via routers, but datagram assembly/disassembly and IP header processing are not necessarily carried out at individual routers in the proposed architecture. A concept of "Cell Switch Router (CSR) " is introduced as a new internetworking equipment, which has ATM cell switching capabilities in addition to conventional IP datagram forwarding. Proposed architecture can provide applications with high-throughput and low-latency ATM pipes while retaining current router-based internetworking concept. It also provides applications with specific QoS/bandwidth by cooperating with internetworking level resource reservation protocols such as RSVP. 1.
Interoperation of Controlled-Load Service and Guaranteed Service with ATM
- IETF Request for Comments, RFC 2381
, 1998
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