. This paper gives an introduction to certain techniques for the construction of geometric objects from scattered data. Special emphasis is put on interpolation methods using compactly supported radial basis functions. x1. Introduction We assume a sample of multivariate scattered data to be given as a set X = fx 1 ; : : : ; xN g of N pairwise distinct points x 1 ; : : : ; xN in IR d , called centers, together with N points y 1 ; : : : ; yN in IR D . An interpolating curve, surface, or solid to these data will be the range of a smooth function s : IR d oe\Omega ! IR D with s(x k ) = y k ; 1 k N: (1) Likewise, an approximating curve, surface, or solid will make the differences s(x j ) \Gamma y j small, for instance in the discrete L 2 sense, i.e. N X k=1 ks(x k ) \Gamma y k k 2 2 should be small. Curves, surfaces, and solids will only differ by their appropriate value of d = 1; 2, or 3. We use the term (geometric) objects to stand for curves, surfaces, or solids. Not...

� � � We estimate the probability that a given number of projective Newton steps applied to a linear homotopy of a system of n homogeneous polynomial equations in n +1 complex variables of fixed degrees will find all the roots of the system. We also extend the framework of our analysis to cover the classical implicit function theorem and revisit the condition number in this context. Further complexity theory is developed. 1. Introduction. 1A. Bezout’s Theorem Revisited. Let f: � n+1 → � n be a system of homogeneous polynomials f =(f1,...,fn), deg fi = di, i=1,...,n. The linear space of such f is denoted by H (d) where d = (d1,...,dn). Consider the

We consider the motion of the interface separating an inviscid, incompressible, irrotational fluid from a region of zero density in three-dimensional space; we assume that the fluid region is below the vacuum, the fluid is under the influence of gravity and the surface tension is zero. Assume that the density of mass of the fluid is one,

The gossip problem involves communicating a unique item from each node in a graph to every other node. We study the minimum time required to do this under the weakest model of parallel communication which allows each node to participate in just one communication at a time as either sender or receiver. We study a number of topologies including the complete graph, grids, hypercubes and rings. Definitive new optimal time algorithms are derived for complete graphs, rings, regular grids and toroidal grids that significantly extend existing results. In particular, we settle an open problem about minimum time gossiping in complete graphs. Specifically, for a graph with N nodes, at least log ae N communication steps, where the logarithm is in the base of the golden ratio ae, are required by any algorithm under the weakest model of communication. This bound, which is approximately 1:44 log 2 N , can be realized for some networks and so the result is optimal. KEYWORDS: Gossiping, broadcasting. ...

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We show that the universal barrier function of a convex cone introduced by Nesterov and Nemirovskii is the logarithm of the characteristic function of the cone. This interpretation demonstrates the invariance of the universal barrier under the automorphism group of the underlying cone. This provides a simple method for calculating the universal barrier for homogeneous cones. We identify some known barriers as the universal barrier scaled by an appropriate constant. We also calculate some new universal barrier functions. Our results connect the field of interior point methods to several branches of mathematics such as Lie groups, Jordan algebras, Siegel domains, differential geometry, complex analysis of several variables, etc.

Abstract. The absolutely continuous spectrum of one-dimensional Schrödinger operators is proved to be stable under perturbation by potentials satisfying mild decay conditions. In particular, the absolutely continuous spectrum of free and periodic Schrödinger operators is preserved under all perturbations V (x) satisfying |V (x) | ≤ C(1+x) −α, α> 1 2. This result is optimal in the power scale. More general classes of perturbing potentials which are not necessarily power decaying are also treated. A general criterion for stability of the absolutely continuous spectrum of one-dimensional Schrödinger operators is established. In all cases analyzed, the main term of the asymptotic behavior of the generalized eigenfunctions is shown to have WKB form for almost all energies. The proofs rely on new maximal function and norm estimates and almost everywhere convergence results for certain multilinear integral operators. 1. Introduction and

Acknowledgements and Notes. I would like to thank my thesis advisor, R.R. Coifman, for his help and guidance. Spherical Harmonics arise on the sphere S 2 in the same way that the (Fourier) exponential functions {e ikθ}k∈Z arise on the circle. Spherical Harmonic series have many of the same wonderful properties as Fourier series, but have lacked one important thing: a numerically stable fast transform analogous to the Fast Fourier Transform. Without a fast transform, evaluating (or expanding in) Spherical Harmonic series on the computer is slow—for large computations prohibitively slow. This paper provides a fast transform. For a grid of O(N 2) points on the sphere, a direct calculation has computational complexity O(N 4), but a simple separation of variables and Fast Fourier Transform reduce it to O(N 3) time. Here we present algorithms with times O(N 5/2 log N) and O(N 2 (log N) 2). The problem quickly reduces to the fast application of matrices of Associated Legendre Functions of certain orders. The essential insight is that although these matrices are dense and oscillatory, locally they can be represented efficiently in trigonometric series. 1

The analysis of oriented features in images requires two-dimensional directional wavelets. Among these, we study in detail the class of Cauchy wavelets, which are strictly supported in a (narrow) convex cone in spatial frequency space. They have excellent angular selectivity, as shown by a standard calibration test, and they have minimal uncertainty. In addition, we present a new application of directional wavelets, namely a technique for determining the symmetries of a given pattern with respect to rotations and dilation. © 1999 Academic Press 1.

Abstract. We establish global well-posedness and scattering for solutions to the mass-critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation iut + ∆u = ±|u | 2 u for large spherically symmetric L 2 x(R 2) initial data; in the focusing case we require, of course, that the mass is strictly less than that of the ground state. As a consequence, we deduce that in the focusing case, any spherically symmetric blowup solution must concentrate at least the mass of the ground state at the blowup time. We also establish some partial results towards the analogous claims in other dimensions and without the assumption of spherical symmetry. Contents