Researchers in Computer Supported Cooperative Work have recently developed discount evaluation methods for shared-workspace groupware. Most discount methods rely on some understanding of the context in which the groupware systems will be used, which means that evaluators need to model the tasks that groups will perform. However, existing task analysis schemes are not well suited to the needs of groupware evaluation: they either do not deal with collaboration issues, do not use an appropriate level of analysis for concrete assessment of usability in interfaces, or do not adequately represent the variability inherent in group work. To fill this gap, we have developed a new modeling technique called Collaboration Usability Analysis. CUA focuses on the teamwork that goes on in a group task rather than the taskwork. To enable closer links between the task representation and the groupware interface, CUA grounds each collaborative action in a set of group work primitives called the mechanics of collaboration. To represent the range of ways that a group task can be carried out, CUA allows variable paths through the execution of a task, and allows alternate paths and optional tasks to be modeled. CUA’s main contribution is to provide evaluators with a framework in which they can simulate the realistic use of a groupware system

This work is about supporting user interface design by means of explicit design representations, in particular models.

Abstract. We propose an analytic method to evaluate synchronous shared workspaces design. The method uses human-performance models, developed in the Human-Computer Interaction field, to make time predictions about collaborative actions performed in selected critical scenarios. We apply this method to two case studies: the design of a collaborative game and the redesign of a collaborative tool for software engineering requirements negotiation. The benefits and limitations of the method are discussed, as well as some implications for design. 1

Abstract. We present a new architectural style for synchronous groupware that eases the transition from scenario based modeling to component design, and from component design to distributed implementation. The style allows developers to work at a distribution-independent conceptual level and provides for automatic or semi-automatic refinement of conceptual designs into appropriate distributed implementations at run-time. Both the conceptual and implementation levels of the system can be evolved dynamically at run-time in response to user needs and changes in the distributed system environment. System evolution at both levels is specified via an evolution calculus. 1

Abstract. Interdisciplinary work groups have proved to be one of the best practices (in terms of efficiency) in modern organizations. Large applications have many different users who can play different roles with responsibilities and rights depending on such roles. There are so many roles, groups, relationships among them, tasks, and collaborations, that it is very difficult to develop an application without gathering all this information in a proper way. This paper describes a modelling approach supported by a graphical notation, which makes the representation of such information easier to analyse and manage. The goal is to provide a complete and integrated approach to model collaborative interactive systems. 1

Abstract: Although many methods have been proposed, model-based development methods have only to some extent been adopted for UI design. In particular, they are not easy to combine with user-centered design methods. In this paper, we present a hybrid UI modelling and GUI prototyping tool, which is designed to fit better with IS development and UI design traditions. The tool includes a diagram editor for domain and UI models and an execution engine that integrates UI behaviour, live UI components and sample data. Thus, both model-based user interface design and prototyping-based iterative design are supported. Key words: model-based user interface design; user interface prototyping. 1.

Team members usually cooperate on a business process by partitioning it into several activities, which in turn generate one or more work items. Work items either need to be processed separately or jointly⎯dependent on the overall context. In addition, joint redefinition of the activity breakdown structure can be necessary while executing activities. Thus, two types of support⎯flexible workflows as well as cooperation-aware synchronous groupware⎯are needed to support cooperative activities. However, these two types of cooperative work support are addressed by different technologies. On the one hand, there are workflow management systems supporting the automatic enactment of asynchronous work, and, on the other hand, there are cooperation-aware synchronous groupware systems supporting informal and creative interactions between participants. Our approach extends the WWW with shared hypermedia workspaces, which support joint (re)definition of emerging activity breakdown structures and their flexible collaborative interactive execution.

As the current computing systems move from desktop and work settings into our everyday lives (e.g. mobile and ubiquitous systems) a growing interest is seen for designing interactive systems with experiential support. Some conceptual work already exists that tries to analyze and understand users ’ experience with interactive systems but in practice this is still not frequently used. Drawing on the concepts from the domain of art, this paper introduces a way to conceptualize users ’ experience as the meanings or interpretations they construct during their interaction with or through the interactive systems. We consequently apply this conceptualization in a design project where we use it at an early concept design stage for designing aware technologies in care-taking situations.

Abstract. Safety-critical medical work requires an error-minded approach for design of the technologies that support its processes. We define the requirements that such a framework should meet and propose ICAD – an adverse-event minded design approach for high-risk eHealth applications that considers users, joint activity processes, the distributed computer-supported medical setting, and the workflow areas that allow for communication and coordination breakdowns to occur. We leverage knowledge for human error analysis during the task-modeling stages from other safety-critical domains, and expand the focus of analysis to integrate complex joint activity aspects and to account for the role of technology, both as a medium and as an interactor. The outcome of our technique is design and workflow solutions that prevent accidents, a priori.

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