Abstract-In this paper we show that the two-sided Lanczos procedure combined with implicit restarts, offers significant advantages over Pad6 approximations used typically for model reduction in circuit simulation.

In this paper we try to show the relations between the Lanczos algorithm and Pad'e approximations as used e.g. in identification and model reduction of dynamical systems. 1 1 Introduction For simplicity we assume here that all systems are SISO, although some results do extend to the MIMO case. Let a n-th order dynamical system be described by x = Ax + bu (1.1) y = cx + du (1.2) where A is a square, b is a column vector, c is a row vector, and d is a scalar. It is well-known that the transfer function of this system : h(s) = c(sI \Gamma A) \Gamma1 b + d has a Taylor expansion around s = 1 that looks like : h(s) = d + cbs \Gamma1 + cAbs \Gamma2 + cA 2 bs \Gamma3 + cA 3 bs \Gamma4 + : : : The coefficients m \Gammai of the powers of s \Gammai satisfy thus m 0 = d ; m \Gammai = cA i\Gamma1 b ; i 1: For i 1 these are also called moments or Markov parameters of the system fA; b; cg. It follows already from the work of Hankel that the first 2n moments 1 To appea...

Introduction In these two lectures we try to show the relations between the Lanczos algorithm and Pad'e approximations as used e.g. in identification and model reduction of dynamical systems. These notes are based on material in the papers [10, 17, 11, 12] for which a lot of credit ought to be given to the respective coauthors. For simplicity we assume here that all systems are SISO, although some results do extend to the MIMO case. Let a n-th order dynamical system be described by x = Ax + bu (1) y = cx + du (2) where A is a square, b is a column vector, c is a row vector, and d is a scalar. It is well-known that the transfer function of this system : h(s) = c(sI \Gamma A) \Gamma1 b +<F29

this paper, it will be demonstrated that a Pad'e approximation of the original circuit can be obtained without explicitly passing via the moments. Through the nonsymmetric Lanczos method [9, 14], one can realize the reduced-order system f