The increasing number of requirements for a Web Information System asks for an engineered process in designing such a system. In this paper we focus on two of these requirements: presentation adaptation based on user preferences /device capabilities and reusability of the different design artifacts. Hera is a model-based design methodology for Web Information Systems. Adaptation and reuse can be tackled at different design levels in Hera. We illustrate by means of examples how adaptation and reuse can be achieved in the conceptual model, the application model, and the presentation model. Based on a static user profile, adaptation is realized by attaching appearance conditions to model elements. With respect to reusability we do focus on one mechanism that supports it, namely inheritance.

Engineering adaptable Web Information Systems (WIS) requires systematic design models and specification frameworks. A complete model-driven methodology like Hera distinguishes between the conceptual, navigational, and presentational aspects of WIS design and identifies di#erent adaptation "hot-spots" in each design step. This paper concentrates on adaptation in the presentation layer and combines the modeling power of Hera with the versatile presentation capabilities of the AMACONT project. After discussing di#erent aspects of presentation layer adaptation, the layout manager mechanism of AMACONT for describing the adaptable layout of ubiquitous Web presentations is introduced. Then the

Abstract. As personalization and device independence become prominent issues in Web development, tools to adapt existing Web Information Systems (WISs) are required. Still, current development approaches lack support for adding adaptation to existing WISs. This paper presents the Generic Adaptation Component (GAC), a transcoding tool for making Web applications adaptable and adaptive. It can be seamlessly integrated into existing Web architectures as an autonomous adaptation and personalization module. For configuring the GAC an RDF-based rule language is presented, allowing to define both content adaptation and context data update rules. Moreover, based on the document generation architecture of the AMACONT project a collection of transformation operations is provided to realize these rules. The main functionality of the GAC is elucidated by an example implementation. 1

Engineering adaptive Web applications implies the development of content that can be automatically adjusted to varying client devices and user preferences. To meet this requirement, the AMACONT project recently introduced a component-based XML document format. Configurable document components encapsulating adaptive behavior and layout are used on di#erent abstraction levels in order to support flexible reuse for e#ective Web page generation. This paper focuses on the process of designing and implementing such component-based adaptive Web presentations. Based on the model-driven specification framework from the Hera project, di#erent phases of adaptation design are identified and their realization using AMACONT components is explained. Finally, a pipeline-based document generator for dynamically publishing component structures to di#erent Web output formats is described.

In this paper we describe our approach to intelligent automatic form filling in the context of mobile services based on user data. In a small study we show that manual form filling is slow and perceived a stressful task. And hence it is not surprising that most current mobile services provide primary information, more complex interactions such as ordering a specific product are often very complicate and time consuming tasks or are even not provided. In our approach the individual forms elements are preset based on the content and context of the form, existing rules and the user’s preferences. Our work is grounded in an analysis of requirements. We investigated popular current WAP based mobile services and their characteristics. Through an analysis of conventional HTML based services we concluded which data a user has to type in when filling out a form. Furthermore we analyzed the behavior of people during filling out forms. Based on these observations and additional interviews, we present an overall architecture. A prototype, taking into account these findings is outlined at the end of the paper. 1.

Educational web-based systems exemplify the increasing need for personalisation. Applications that adapt to individual users need a model of the user that contains as accurate data as possible. On the web, learners use multiple educational systems and spend their time over many applications: these are individually limited in their user modelling but can gain from joining forces. This boils down to establishing semantic interoperability of user or learner models. While semantic interoperability is hard, the emerging Semantic Web (SW) might offer just the mechanisms we need. In this paper, we develop the Generic User model Component (GUC): a generic software that utilises SW technology to support the exchange of user model data between applications. For a semantically effective user model exchange, GUC allows the configuration of a distributed management of mappings between user models. Thus, applications can choose different levels of uniting user models to maximise their personalisation.

Abstract. The increasing need for device independence and personalization forces organizations to automatically adapt their Web Information Systems (WISs) to individual users and their client platforms. Moreover, the Web’s evolution to a dynamic interaction medium also requires such WISs to be self-adaptive, i.e. to dynamically adjust themselves to a constantly changing reality. Still, there are no generic software components to manage this multitude of adaptation aspects. This paper presents the Self-Adapting GAC (SAG), a generic component for realizing self-managing adaptive WISs. It has the capability to perform adaptive data transformations, but it can also dynamically reconfigure itself to the current situation. For configuring the SAG an RDF-based rule language is introduced, providing rules for both content adaptation and self-configuration. Moreover, based on the modular document generation architecture of the AMACONT project an implementation of the SAG is provided. The resulting architecture is explained in detail and elucidated by a running example prototype. 1

In the modern Web, users are accessing their favourite Web applications from any place, at any time and with any device. In this setting, they expect the application to user-tailor and personalize content access upon their particular needs. Exhibiting some kind of user- and context-dependency is thus crucial in Web Engineering. In this research, we focus on separating the adaptation engineering process from regular Web engineering by applying aspect-oriented techniques. We show how semantic information and metadata associated with the content can be exploited in our aspect-oriented approach. Furthermore, the approach allows the use of global (structural) properties of the Web application in adaptation specification. We thus obtain several advantages, which are demonstrated in this paper: to control adaptation (specification) separate from (regular) Web Engineering concerns in a richer, more consistent, robust and flexible way.

In this paper, we present a rule-based approach supporting the automatic adaptation in Web Information Systems. The approach relies on the general notions of profile and configuration. Special rules are used to specify, in a declarative way, how to build a configuration that satisfies the requirements of adaptation for a profile. The rule evaluation technique guarantees that different contexts and orthogonal requirements of adaptation, possibly not fixed in advance, can be taken into account in the adaptation process. 1

Abstract. In recent years, technological developments have made it possible to build interactive 3D models of objects and 3D Virtual Environments that can be experienced through the Web, using common, low-cost personal computers. As in the case of Web-based hypermedia, adaptivity can play an important role in increasing the usefulness, effectiveness and usability of 3D Web sites, i.e., Web sites distributing 3D content. This paper introduces the reader to the concepts, issues and techniques of adaptive 3D Web sites. In recent years, technological developments have made it possible to build interactive 3D models of objects and 3D Virtual Environments (hereinafter, 3D VEs) that can be experienced through the Web, using common, low-cost personal computers. As a result, 3D content is increasingly employed in different Web application areas, such