Rewriting logic [72] is proposed as a logical framework in which other logics can be represented, and as a semantic framework for the specification of languages and systems. Using concepts from the theory of general logics [70], representations of an object logic L in a framework logic F are understood as mappings L ! F that translate one logic into the other in a conservative way. The ease with which such maps can be defined for a number of quite different logics of interest, including equational logic, Horn logic with equality, linear logic, logics with quantifiers, and any sequent calculus presentation of a logic for a very general notion of "sequent," is discussed in detail. Using the fact that rewriting logic is reflective, it is often possible to reify inside rewriting logic itself a representation map L ! RWLogic for the finitely presentable theories of L. Such a reification takes the form of a map between the abstract data types representing the finitary theories of...

Aspect-Oriented Programming promises separation of concerns at the implementation level. However, aspects are not always orthogonal and aspect interaction is a fundamental problem. In this paper, we extend previous work on a generic framework for the formal definition and interaction analysis of stateful aspects. We propose three important extensions which enhance expressivity while preserving static analyzability of interactions. First, we provide support for variables in aspects in order to share information between different execution points. This allows the definition of more precise aspects and to avoid detection of spurious conflicts. Second, we introduce generic composition operators for aspects. This enables us to provide expressive support for the resolution of conflicts among interacting aspects. Finally, we o#er a means to define applicability conditions for aspects. This makes interaction analysis more precise and paves the way for reuse of aspects by making explicit requirements on contexts in which aspects must be used.

Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) promises the modularization of so-called crosscutting functionalities in large applications. Currently, almost all approaches to AOP provide means for the description of sequential aspects that are to be applied to a sequential base program. In particular, there is no formally-defined concurrent approach to AOP, with the result that coordination issues between aspects and base programs as well as between aspects cannot precisely be investigated. This paper presents Concurrent Event-based AOP (CEAOP), which addresses this issue. Our contribution can be detailed as follows. First, we formally define a model for concurrent aspects which extends the sequential Event-based AOP approach. The definition is given as a translation into concurrent specifications using Finite Sequential Processes (FSP), thus enabling use of the Labelled Transition System Analyzer (LTSA) for formal property verification. Further, we show how to compose concurrent aspects using a set of general composition operators. Finally, we sketch a Java prototype implementation for concurrent aspects, which generates coordination specific code from the FSP model

We propose a set of transformation rules for first order formulae whose atoms are either equations between terms or "membership constraints" t 2 i. i can be interpreted as a regular tree language (i is called a sort in the algebraic specification community) or as a tree language in any class of languages which satisfies some adequate closure and decidability properties. This set of rules is proved to be correct, terminating and complete. This provides a quantifier elimination procedure: for every regular tree language L, the first order theory of some structure defining L is decidable. This extends the results of Mal'cev (1971), Maher (1988), Comon and Lescanne (1989). We also show how to apply our results to automatic inductive proofs in equational theories. Introduction To unify two terms s and t means to turn the equation s = t into an equivalent solved form which is either ? (this means that s = t has no solution, or, in other words, that s and t are not unifiable) or else a form...

this paper is to define a framework for such reduction proofs. The method proposed is illustrated by proving the undecidability of the theory of a term algebra modulo the axioms of associativity and commutativity and of the theory of a partial lexicographic path ordering. 1. Introduction

Abstract. This paper presents a technique for automated theorem proving with free variable tableaux that does not require backtracking. Most existing automated proof procedures using free variable tableaux require iterative deepening and backtracking over applied instantiations to guarantee completeness. If the correct instantiation is hard to find, this can lead to a significant amount of duplicated work. Incremental Closure is a way of organizing the search for closing instantiations that avoids this inefficiency. 1

We consider arbitrary cryptographic protocols and security properties. We show that it is always sufficient to consider a bounded number of agents b (actually b = 2 in most of the cases): if there is an attack involving n agents, then there is an attack involving at most b agents.

. We survey recent results about ordering constraints on trees and discuss their applications. Our main interest lies in the family of recursive path orderings which enjoy the properties of being total, well-founded and compatible with the tree constructors. The paper includes some new results, in particular the undecidability of the theory of lexicographic path orderings in case of a non-unary signature. 1 Symbolic Constraints Constraints on trees are becoming popular in automated theorem proving, logic programming and in other fields thanks to their potential to represent large or even infinite sets of formulae in a nice and compact way. More precisely, a symbolic constraint system, also called a constraint system on trees, consists of a fragment of first-order logic over a set of predicate symbols P and a set of function symbols F , together with a fixed interpretation of the predicate symbols in the algebra of finite trees T (F) (or sometimes the algebra of infinite trees I(F)) ov...

Infinite sets of terms appear frequently at different places in computer science. On the other hand, several practically oriented parts of logic and computer science require the manipulated objects to be finite or finitely representable. Schematizations present a suitable formalism to manipulate finitely infinite sets of terms. Since schematizations provide a different approach to solve the same kind of problems as constraints do, they can be viewed as a new type of constraints. The paper presents a new recurrent schematization called primal grammars. The main idea behind the primal grammars is to use primitive recursion as the generating engine of infinite sets. The evaluation of primal grammars is based on substitution and rewriting, hence no particular semantics for them is necessary. This fact allows also a natural integration of primal grammars into Prolog, into functional languages or into other rewrite-based applications. Primal grammars have a decidable unification problem and ...

Previous work on combination techniques considered the question of how to combine unification algorithms for disjoint equational theories E 1 ; : : : ; E n in order to obtain a unification algorithm for the union E 1 [ : : : [ E n of the theories. Here we want to show that variants of this method may be used to decide solvability and ground solvability of disunification problems in E 1 [ : : : [E n . Our first result says that solvability of disunification problems in the free algebra of the combined theory E 1 [ : : : [E n is decidable if solvability of disunification problems with linear constant restrictions in the free algebras of the theories E i (i = 1; : : : ; n) is decidable. In order to decide ground solvability (i.e., solvability in the initial algebra) of disunification problems in E 1 [ : : : [ E n we have to consider a new kind of subproblem for the particular theories E i , namely solvability (in the free algebra) of disunification problems with linear constant restricti...