Hierarchical graphs and clustered graphs are useful non-classical graph models for structured relational information. Hierarchical graphs are graphs with layering structures; clustered graphs are graphs with recursive clustering structures. Both have applications in CASE tools, software visualization, and VLSI design. Drawing algorithms for hierarchical graphs have been well investigated. However, the problem of straight-line representation has not been solved completely. In this paper, we answer the question: does every planar hierarchical graph admit a planar straight-line hierarchical drawing? We present an algorithm that constructs such drawings in linear time. Also, we answer a basic question for clustered graphs, that is, does every planar clustered graph admit a planar straight-line drawing with clusters drawn as convex polygons? We provide a method for such drawings based on our algorithm for hierarchical graphs.

We describe an algorithm producing circular layouts for trees, that is drawings, where subtrees of a node lie within circles, and these circles are themselves placed on the circumference of a circle. The complexity and methodology of our algorithm compares to Reingold and Tilford's algorithm for trees [11]. Moreover, the algorithm naturally admits distortion transformations of the layout. This, added to its low complexity, makes it very well suited to be used in an interactive environment.

Clustered graphs are graphs with recursive clustering structures over the vertices. For graphical representation, the clustering structure is represented by a simple region that contains the drawing of all the vertices which belong to that cluster. In this paper, we present an algorithm which produces planar drawings of clustered graphs in a convention known as orthogonal-grid rectangular cluster drawings. The drawing produced by the algorithm has constant number of bends on each edge and has O(n 2 ) area, which is as good as existing results for classical graph drawings. 1 Introduction Clustered graphs are graphs with recursive clustering structures over the vertices (see Fig. 1). This type of clustering structure appears in many systems. Examples include CASE tools [19], management information systems [10], and VLSI design tools [8]. For graphical representation, the clustering structure is represented by a simple region that contains the drawing of all the vertices which ...