One of the most successful techniques for automatic verification is that of model checking. For finite automata there exist since long extremely efficient model-checking algorithms, and in the last few years these algorithms have been made applicable to the verification of real-time automata using the region-techniques of Alur and Dill. In this

A general class of languages and denotational models for value-passing calculi based on the late semantic approach is defined. A concrete instantiation of the general syntax is given. This is a modification of the standard CCS according to the late approach. A denotational model for the concrete language is given, an instantiation of the general class. An equationally based proof system is defined and shown to be sound and complete with respect to the model.