To address complications involving ambiguity, presupposition and implicature, three processes underlying natural language interpretation are isolated: translation, entailment and attunement. A meta-language integrating these processes is outlined, elaborating on a proof-theoretic approach to presupposition. 1.

this paper, it will turn out logicians have universally missed the true, exceedingly simple feature of ordinary first-order logic that makes it incapable of accommodating its own truth predicate. (See Section 4 below.) This defect will also be shown to be easy to overcome without transcending the first-order level. This eliminates once and for all the need of set theory for the purposes of a metatheory of logic.