The ability to extend a language with new syntactic forms is a powerful tool. A sufficiently flexible macro system allows programmers to build from a common base towards a language designed specifically for their problem domain. However, macro facilities that are integrated, capable, and at the same time simple enough to be widely used have been limited to the Lisp family of languages to date. In this paper we introduce a macro facility, called the Java Syntactic Extender (JSE), with the superior power and ease of use of Lisp macro systems, but for Java, a language with a more conventional algebraic syntax. The design is based on the Dylan macro system, but exploits Java’s compilation model to offer a full procedural macro engine. In other words, syntax expanders may be implemented in, and so use all the facilities of, the full Java language. 1.

Quasiquotation is the technology commonly used in Lisp to write program-generating programs. In this paper I will review the history and development of this technology, and explain why it works so well in practice.

Run-time code generation (RTCG) has been shown to be an effective optimiza-tion. Systems such as DyC, ’C, Tempo, and Fabius have demonstrated order of magnitude improvements on benchmark programs. In addition, by using binding time analyses, the benefits of RTCG can be obtained with minimal programmer effort. Languages like MetaML and PML have explored type systems for RTCG that can ensure programs using RTCG do not crash. In earlier work we presented Cyclone – a type-safe language based on C with support for RTCG. The safety guarantee provided by a type-safe source language may fail to hold of the compiler’s output. Rather than trusting that the compiler is correctly im-plemented, we can use a certifying compiler to check that the output is type safe. A certifying compiler produces a certificate, along with the object code, which together can be used to verify that the object code is safe. Here we develop a certifying and optimizing compiler for Cyclone supporting run-time code generation. The output of our compiler is TAL/T – x86 object code augmented with typing annotations. Part of our system is a verifier for TAL/T capable of mechanically checking that TAL/T programs are type safe – they cannot crash. This guarantee provides increased confidence in the compiler-generated code. The contributions of this thesis include: 1) a framework for compiling and opti-mizing programs supporting RTCG, 2) a formal proof that well-typed TAL/T pro-grams cannot crash, and 3) an evaluation of our compiler using micro-benchmarks, a raytracer, and an instruction set simulator.

Abstract Quasiquotation is the technology commonly used in Lisp to write program-generating programs. In this paper I will review the history and development of this technology, and explain why it works so well in practice. 1 Introduction The subject of this paper is "quasiquotation". Quasiquotation is a parameterized version of ordinary quotation, where instead of specifying a value exactly, some holes are left to be filled in later. A quasiquotation is a "template". Quasiquotation appears in various Lisp dialects, including Scheme [4] and Common Lisp [13], where it is used to write syntactic extensions ("macros") and other program-generating programs.