Contents Thissectionofthecoursenotesisorganizedasfollows: 1.Introductorymaterialforthissection.Thisincludesabriefoverviewofrelatedandcomplimentarymaterialtophotogrammetricmodeling, suchasstructurefrommotion,stereocorrespondence,shapefrom silhouettes,cameracalibration,laserscanning,andimage-basedrendering. 2.Abibliographyofrelatedpapers. 3.Areprintof: PaulE.Debevec,CamilloJ.Taylor,andJitendraMalik.ModelingandRenderingArchitecturefrom Photographs.InSIGGRAPH96,August1996,pp.11-20. 4.NotesonphotogrammetricrecoveryofarchesandsurfacesofrevolutionwrittenbyGeorgeBorshukov. 5.Copiesoftheslidesusedforthepresentation. Moreinformationcanbefoundin[10],[5],and[13],availableat: http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/debevec/Thesis 1 Introduction Thecreationofthree-dimensionalmodelsofexistingarchitecturalsceneswiththeaidofthecomputerhas beencommonplaceforsometime,andtheresultingmodelshavebeenbothentertainingvirtualenvironments aswellasvaluablevisualizationtools.Large-scaleeffortshavepushedthecampusesofI

Modeling a city poses a number of problems to computer graphics. Every urban area has a transportation network that follows population and environmental influences, and often a superimposed pattern plan. The buildings appearances follow historical, aesthetic and statutory rules. To create a virtual city, a roadmap has to be designed and a large number of buildings need to be generated. We propose a system using a procedural approach based on L-systems to model cities. From various image maps given as input, such as land-water boundaries and population density, our system generates a system of highways and streets, divides the land into lots, and creates the appropriate geometry for the buildings on the respective allotments. For the creation of a city street map, L-systems have been extended with methods that allow the consideration of global goals and local constraints and reduce the complexity of the production rules. An L-system

Interaction with the environment is a key factor affecting the development of plants and plant ecosystems. In this paper we introduce a modeling framework that makes it possible to simulate and visualize a wide range of interactions at the level of plant architecture. This framework extends the formalism of Lindenmayer systems with constructs needed to model bi-directional information exchange between plants and their environment. We illustrate the proposed framework with models and simulations that capture the development of tree branches limited by collisions, the colonizing growth of clonal plants competing for space in favorable areas, the interaction between roots competing for water in the soil, and the competition within and between trees for access to light. Computer animation and visualization techniques make it possible to better understand the modeled processes and lead to realistic images of plants within their environmental context. CR categories: F.4.2 [Mathematical Logi...

CGA shape, a novel shape grammar for the procedural modeling of CG architecture, produces building shells with high visual quality and geometric detail. It produces extensive architectural models for computer games and movies, at low cost. Context sensitive shape rules allow the user to specify interactions between the entities of the hierarchical shape descriptions. Selected examples demonstrate solutions to previously unsolved modeling problems, especially to consistent mass modeling with volumetric shapes of arbitrary orientation. CGA shape is shown to efficiently generate massive urban models with unprecedented level of detail, with the virtual rebuilding of the archaeological site of Pompeii as a case in point.

We propose an approach for modeling surface details such as scales, feathers, or thorns. These types of cellular textures require a representation with more detail than texture-mapping but are inconvenient to model with hand-crafted geometry. We generate

We integrate into plant models three elements of plant representation identified as important by artists: posture (manifested in curved stems and elongated leaves), gradual variation of features, and the progression of the drawing process from overall silhouette to local details. The resulting algorithms increase the visual realism of plant models by offering an intuitive control over plant form and supporting an interactive modeling process. The algorithms are united by the concept of expressing local attributes of plant architecture as functions of their location along the stems.

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This paper presents a new method for the automatic modeling of architecture. Building designs are derived using split grammars, a new type of parametric set grammar based on the concept of shape. The paper also introduces an attribute matching system and a separate control grammar, which offer the ßexibility required to model buildings using a large variety of different styles and design ideas. Through the adaptive nature of the design grammar used, the created building designs can either be generic or adhere closely to a speciÞed goal, depending on the amount of data available.

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Recent advances in computer graphics have made it possible to visualize mathematical models of biological structures and processes with unprecedented realism. The resulting images, animations, and interactive systems are useful as research and educational tools in developmental biology and ecology. Prospective applications also include computer-assisted landscape architecture, design of new varieties of plants, and crop yield prediction. In this paper we revisit foundations of the applications of L-systems to the modeling of plants, and we illustrate them using recently developed sample models.