Abstract not found

This paper deals with universes in explicit mathematics. After introducing some basic definitions, the limit axiom and possible ordering principles for universes are discussed. Later, we turn to least universes, strictness and name induction. Special emphasis is put on theories for explicit mathematics with universes which are proof-theoretically equivalent to Feferman's T 0 . 1 Introduction In some form or another, universes play an important role in many systems of set theory and higher order arithmetic, in various formalizations of constructive mathematics and in logics for computation. One aspect of universes is that they expand the set or type formation principles in a natural and perspicuous way and provide greater expressive power and proof-theoretic strength. The general idea behind universes is quite simple: suppose that we are given a formal system Th comprising certain set (or type) existence principles which are justified on specific philosophical grounds. Then it may be a...

We show how to interpret the language of first-order set theory in an elementary topos endowed with, as extra structure, a directed structural system of inclusions (dssi). As our main result, we obtain a complete axiomatization of the intuitionistic set theory validated by all such interpretations. Since every elementary topos is equivalent to one carrying a dssi, we thus obtain a first-order set theory whose associated categories of sets are exactly the elementary toposes. In addition, we show that the full axiom of Separation is validated whenever the dssi is superdirected. This gives a uniform explanation for the known facts that cocomplete and realizability toposes provide models for Intuitionistic Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory (IZF).

If some twenty-five years ago we had been told that we would write a large book...