The first edition of this book was published in 1992 by Wiley (ISBN 0 471 93609 X). Since this book is now out of print, and to answer the request of several colleagues, the authors have decided to make it available freely on the Web, while retaining the copyright, for the benefit of the scientific community. Copyright Statement This electronic document is in PDF format. One needs Acrobat Reader (available freely for most platforms from the Adobe web site) to benefit from the full interactive machinery: using the package hyperref by Sebastian Rahtz, the table of contents and all LATEX cross-references are automatically converted into clickable hyperlinks, bookmarks are generated automatically, etc.. So, do not hesitate to click on references to equation or section numbers, on items of thetableofcontents and of the index, etc.. One may freely use and print this document for one’s own purpose or even distribute it freely, but not commercially, provided it is distributed in its entirety and without modifications, including this preface and copyright statement. Any use of thecontents should be acknowledged according to the standard scientific practice. The

In this paper we demonstrate that the minimal state space realization problem in the max algebra can be transformed into an Extended Linear Complementarity Problem (ELCP). We use an algorithm that finds all solutions of an ELCP to find all equivalent minimal state space realizations of a single input single output (SISO) discrete event system. We also give a geometrical description of the set of all minimal realizations of a SISO max-linear discrete event system.

One of the open problems in the max-plus-algebraic system theory for discrete event systems is the minimal realization problem. In this paper we present some results in connection with the minimal realization problem in the max-plus algebra. First we characterize the minimal system order of a max-linear discrete event system. We also introduce a canonical representation of the impulse response of a max-linear discrete event system. Next we consider a simpli#ed version of the general minimal realization problem: the boolean minimal realization problem, i.e., we consider models in which the entries of the system matrices are either equal to the max-plus-algebraic zero element or to the max-plus-algebraic identity element. We give a lower bound for the minimal system order of a max-plus-algebraic boolean discrete event system. We show that the decision problem that corresponds to the boolean realization problem (i.e., deciding whether or not a boolean realization of a given order exists) ...

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First we determine necessary and for some cases also sucient conditions for a polynomial to be the characteristic polynomial of a matrix with elements in Rmax . Then we indicate how to construct a matrix such that its characteristic polynomial is equal to a given monic polynomial in Smax , the extension of Rmax . Next we use these results to develop a procedure to nd the minimal state space realization of a single input single output (SISO) discrete event system, given its Markov parameters. 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview There exists a wide range of frameworks to model and to analyze discrete event systems: Petri nets, generalized semi-Markov processes, formal languages, perturbation analysis, computer simulation and so on. In this paper we concentrate on discrete event systems that can be described with the max algebra. We address the minimal state space realization problem for max-algebraic single input single output (SISO) systems. We show that the characteristic equation in the ma...

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Similarity transformations between two different minimal realizations of a given impulse response of a Discrete Event System are discussed. In the symmetrized max-algebra an explicit expression can be given for the transformation between an arbitrary minimal realization of a given impulse response and a minimal realization of the same impulse response in a standard form. It is conjectured that a more general result holds which gives a transformation matrix between any two minimal realizations of an impulse response. We will illustrate the difficulties encountered when trying to prove this conjecture.