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... for switch trials and whose amplitude is inversely related to RT and RT switch cost (see also Lavric et al., 2008). These findings are consistentwith at least two preparatory processes: one that is common to both switch and repeat trials and another that, at least in the present context, is specifically elicited by switch cues. The positivity associated with both switch and repeat trials is consistent with the larger positivity found for repeat trials in a mixed-task block as compared to trials in a single-task block (i.e., mixing positivity; Goffaux et al., 2006; Jost, Mayr, & Rosler, 2008; Wylie et al., 2009; Ruge, Stoet, & Naumann, 2006) and for informative repeat cues compared to non-informative cues (Jamadar et al., 2010). Wylie et al. (2009) showed that this mixing positivity was associated with LAURA source activation in parietal areas. Jamadar, Hughes, Fulham, Michie, and Karayanidis (2010) found that variation in the amplitude of this mixing positivity was associated with fMRI contrast activation in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate. The switchspecific positivity is compatible with a process associated with anticipatory preparation that, at least with the current task ...

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...P300 reflects processes related to task-set updating, its magnitude has consistently shown increases on no-switch relative to homogeneous trials (e.g., Kieffaber and Hetrick, 2005; Jost et al., 2008; =-=Wylie et al., 2009-=-). Older compared to younger adults typically show similar cue-locked P300 amplitudes on no-switch compared to homogeneous trials, but with slightly delayed (peak) latencies. This finding suggests lar...

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...stent with the larger positivity found for repeat trials in a mixed-task block as compared to trials in a single-task block (i.e., mixing positivity; Goffaux et al., 2006; Jost, Mayr, & Rosler, 2008; =-=Wylie et al., 2009-=-; Ruge, Stoet, & Naumann, 2006) and for informative repeat cues compared to non-informative cues (Jamadar et al., 2010). Wylie et al. (2009) showed that this mixing positivity was associated with LAUR...

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... ERP task-switching studies have investigated post-cue differences between stay and pure trials, but only in young adults (Jost, Mayr, & Rösler, 2008; Kray, Eppinger, & Mecklinger, 2005; West, 2004; =-=Wylie, Murray, Javitt, & Foxe, 2008-=-). All found that cues signaling stay trials evoked larger positive amplitudes than cues signaling pure trials (500 ms) at central and parietal scalp locations. The greater positivity on stay trials ...

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...r distinct, sets of neural processes. The usefulness of ERPs for studying cognitive control has been recognized previously (e.g. Astle et al., 2006; Barcelo et al., 2000; Rushworth et al., 2002, 2005;=-=Wylie et al., 2008-=-). There is a growing literature on ERPs and task switching. This literature is characterized by the diversity of paradigms used to address aspects of switching. Perhaps as a consequence, few consiste...

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...stent with the larger positivity found for repeat trials in a mixed-task block as compared to trials in a single-task block (i.e., mixing positivity; Goffaux et al., 2006; Jost, Mayr, & Rosler, 2008; =-=Wylie et al., 2009-=-; Ruge, Stoet, & Naumann, 2006) and for informative repeat cues compared to non-informative cues (Jamadar et al., 2010). Wylie et al. (2009) showed that this mixing positivity was associated with LAUR...

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... ERP task-switching studies have investigated post-cue differences between stay and pure trials, but only in young adults (Jost, Mayr, & Rösler, 2008; Kray, Eppinger, & Mecklinger, 2005; West, 2004; =-=Wylie, Murray, Javitt, & Foxe, 2008-=-). All found that cues signaling stay trials evoked larger positive amplitudes than cues signaling pure trials (500 ms) at central and parietal scalp locations. The greater positivity on stay trials ...