This paper introduces a compositional program logic for higherorder polymorphic functions and standard data types. The logic enables us to reason about observable properties of polymorphic programs starting from those of their constituents. Just as types attached to programs offer information on their composability so as to guarantee basic safety of composite programs, formulae of the proposed logic attached to programs offer information on their composability so as to guarantee fine-grained behavioural properties of polymorphic programs. The central feature of the logic is a systematic usage of names and operations on them, whose origin is in the logics for typed π-calculi. The paper introduces the program logic and its proof rules and illustrates their usage by non-trivial reasoning examples, taking a prototypical call-by-value functional language with impredicative polymorphism and recursive types as a target language.

A fair amount has been written on the subject of reasoning about pointer algorithms. There was a peak about 1980 when everyone seemed to be tackling the formal verification of the Schorr–Waite marking algorithm, including Gries (1979, Morris (1982) and Topor (1979). Bornat (2000) writes: “The Schorr–Waite algorithm is the

We present typed process logics for the π-calculus with linear/affine type disciplines. Built on the preceding studies on logics for programs and processes, simple systems of assertions are developed, capturing the classes of behaviours ranging from purely functional interactions to those with destructive update, local state and genericity. A central feature of the logic is representation of the environments' behaviour as the dual of those of processes in assertions, which is crucial for obtaining compositional proof systems. This paper develops typed process logics starting from purely functional behaviours and treating increasingly complex ones, and illustrate their usage by deriving program logics for higher-order languages. The embedding of the proof rules in the derived logics into the process logics gives a simple proof of the soundness of the former. Some of the derived logics correspond to known program logics, including Hoare logic for imperative programs.