The canonical ordering for triconnected planar graphs is a powerful method for designing graph algorithms. This paper introduces the orderly pair of connected planar graphs, which extends the concept of canonical ordering to planar graphs not required to be triconnected. Let G be a connected planar graph. We give a linear-time algorithm that obtains an orderly pair (H

This paper deals with compact shortest path routing tables on weighted graphs with n nodes. For planar graphs we show how to construct in linear time shortest path routing tables that require 8n + o(n) bits per node, and O(log 2+ n) bit-operations per node to extract the route, for any constant > 0. We obtain the same bounds for graphs of crossing-edge number bounded by o(n= log n), and we generalize for graphs of genus bounded by > 0 yielding a size of n log +O(n) bits per node. Actually we prove a sharp upper bound of 2n log k +O(n) for graphs of pagenumber k, and a lower bound of n log k o(n log k) bits. These results are obtained by the use of dominating sets, compact coding of non-crossing partitions, and k-page representation of graphs.

The cell probe model is a general, combinatorial model of data structures. We give a survey of known results about the cell probe complexity of static and dynamic data structure problems, with an emphasis on techniques for proving lower bounds. 1 Introduction 1.1 The 'Were-you-last?' game A Dream Team, consisting of m players, is held captive in the dungeon of their adversary, Hannibal. He now makes them play his favourite game, Were-you-last?. Before the game starts the players of the Team are allowed to meet to discuss a strategy (obviously, Hannibal has the room bugged and is listening in). After the discussion they are led to separate waiting rooms. Then Hannibal leads each of the players of the team, one by one, to the playing field. The players do not know the order in which they are led to the field and they spend their time there alone. The playing field is a room, containing an infinite number of boxes, labelled 0, 1, 2, 3, . . . . Inside each box is a switch that can be ...

We show lower bounds in the cell probe model for the redundancy/query time tradeoff of solutions to static data structure problems.

We develop succinct data structures to represent (i) a sequence of values to support partial sum and select queries and update (changing values) and (ii) a dynamic array consisting of a sequence of elements which supports insertion, deletion and access of an element at any given index. For the partial sums problem...

A static dictionary is a data structure for storing subsets of a nite universe U , so that membership queries can be answered efficiently. We study this problem in a unit cost RAM model with word size (log jU j), and show that for n-element subsets, constant worst case query time can be obtained using B +O(log log jU j) + o(n) bits of storage, where B = dlog 2 jUj n e is the minimum number of bits needed to represent all such subsets. For jU j = n log O(1) n the dictionary supports constant time rank queries.

Abstract. We propose measures for compressed data structures, in which space usage is measured in a data-aware manner. In particular, we consider the fundamental dictionary problem on set data, where the task is to construct a data structure to represent a set S of n items out of a universe U = {0,..., u − 1} and support various queries on S. We use a well-known data-aware measure for set data called gap to bound the space of our data structures. We describe a novel dictionary structure taking gap+O(n log(u/n) / log n)+O(n log log(u/n)) bits. Under the RAM model, our dictionary supports membership, rank, select, and predecessor queries in nearly optimal time, matching the time bound of Andersson and Thorup’s predecessor structure [AT00], while simultaneously improving upon their space usage. Our dictionary structure uses exactly gap bits in the leading term (i.e., the constant factor is 1) and answers queries in near-optimal time. When seen from the worst case perspective, we present the first O(n log(u/n))-bit dictionary structure which supports these queries in nearoptimal time under RAM model. We also build a dictionary which requires the same space and supports membership, select, and partial rank queries even more quickly in O(log log n) time. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first of a kind result which achieves data-aware space usage and retains near-optimal time. 1

A static dictionary is a data structure for storing subsets of a finite universe U , so that membership queries can be answered efficiently. We study this problem in a unit cost RAM model with word size ze jU j), and show that for n-element subsets, constant worst case query time can be obtained using B +O(log log jU j) + o(n) bits of storage, where B = dlog jU j e is the minimum number of bits needed to represent all such subsets. The solution for dense subsets uses B + O( jU j log log jU j log jU j ) bits of storage, and supports constant time rank queries. In a dynamic setting, allowing insertions and deletions, our techniques give an O(B) bit space usage.

We consider the problem of e#ciently representing sets S of size n from an ordered universe U = . . . , m-1}. Given any ordered dictionary structure (or comparison-based ordered set structure) D that uses O(n) pointers, we demonstrate a simple blocking technique that produces an ordered set structure supporting the same operations in the same time bounds but with O(n log n ) bits. This is within a constant factor of the information-theoretic lower bound. We assume the unit cost RAM model with word size #ze |U |) and a table of size O(m m) bits, for some constant # > 0. The time bound for our operations contains a factor of 1/#. We present

We consider cuckoo hashing as proposed by Pagh and Rodler in 2001. We show that the expected construction time of the hash table is O(n) as long as the two open addressing tables are each of size at least (1 #)n,where#>0andn is the number of data points. Slightly improved bounds are obtained for various probabilities and constraints. The analysis rests on simple properties of branching processes.