Ordered Binary-Decision Diagrams (OBDDS) represent Boolean functions as directed acyclic graphs. They form a canonical representation, making testing of functional properties such as satmfiability and equivalence straightforward. A number of operations on Boolean functions can be implemented as graph algorithms on OBDD

This paper presents lower bound results on Boolean function complexity under two different models. The first is an abstraction of tradeoffs between chip area and speed in very large scale integrated (VLSI) circuits. The second is the ordered binary decision diagram (OBDD) representation used as a data structure for symbolically representing and manipulating Boolean functions. These lower bounds demonstrate the fundamental limitations of VLSI as an implementation medium, and OBDDs as a data structure. They also lend insight into what properties of a Boolean function lead to high complexity under these models. Related techniques can be...

Ordered Binary Decision Diagrams (OBDDs) have found widespread use in CAD applications such as formal verification, logic synthesis, and test generation. OBDDs represent Boolean functions in a form that is both canonical and compact for many practical cases. They can be generated and manipulated by efficient graph algorithms. Researchers have found that many tasks can be expressed as series of operations on Boolean functions, making them candidates for OBDD-based methods. The success of OBDDs has inspired efforts to improve their efficiency and to expand their range of applicability. Techniques have been discovered to make the representation more compact and to represent other classes of functions. This has led to improved performance on existing OBDD applications, as well as enabled new classes of problems to be solved. This paper provides an overview of the state of the art in graph-based function representations. We focus on several recent advances of particular importance for forma...

The appeal of automatic formal verification is that it's automatic --- minimal human labor and expertise should be needed to get useful results and counterexamples. BDD(binary decision diagram)-based approaches have promised to allow automatic verification of complex, real systems. For large classes of problems, however, (including many distributed protocols, multiprocessor systems, and network architectures) this promise has yet to be fulfilled. Indeed, the few successes have required extensive time and effort from sophisticated researchers in the field. Clearly, techniques are needed that are more sophisticated than the obvious direct implementation of theoretical results. This thesis addresses that need, emphasizing an application domain that has been particularly difficult for BDD-based methods --- high-level models of systems or distributed protocols --- rather than gate-level descriptions of circuits. Additionally, the emphasis is on providing useful debugging information for the...