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... things related to what we wantsto remember [4]. Wherefore, contextual cues such as a person weshave met or a visited website can be used to retrieve a documentsthat was handed to us during a meeting =-=[11]-=-.sAlthough the visualization and retrieval of personal informationshas been a major concern, little attention has been paid to thesdaily usage we make of our personal computers, which can tell sosmuch...

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...search). Most contextaware systems of today are centered on using external context. Although they have shown a degree of success in some areas (i.e. mobile computing and smart spaces) [25], internal context could play a major role in providing more relevant information to users. As a matter of fact, recent research is geared towards combining both external and internal context [24]. Use of context in bookmarking is still novel. However, a few researchers have conducted experiments with context-based tools to help users re-find information in recent years. YouPivot, proposed by Hailpern et al. [26], brings a new dimension to browsing history search by adding user specific context for easier retrieval of visited web pages. Users can pick a contextually related activity to “pivot” and view web pages visited in the close time frame before and after the pivoted activity. YouPivot also provides a special time-annotation method called “TimeMarks” with which users can mark a specific activity or time as to-beremembered. Their pilot study showed that users’ strong preference to using YouPivot and improved performance in re-finding visited web pages. Nevertheless, YouPivot’s context is rather li...

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... instances organized in clusters. [5] In the Technology era, where we usually find the corner point of giving the best to best of technology when trying to answer this question in 1997, Michael distinguishes between the quantities of data available in a traditional form, meaning written on paper, and in a digital form and meaning encoded on magnetic storage. His estimations acknowledge the supremacy of traditional information versus its digital counterpart: 12,000 peta bytes of traditional information versus about 22,500 terabytes of available storage around the world for digital information. [13].That is an advantage of 500 to one in favor of the traditional form. Nevertheless, also points out that the amount of digital data seems to be multiplied by ten every year. This naturally leads to the prediction that the amount of digital information would probably overtake traditional information by the year 2000. [7]The first meaning of Latin word "information" is the process of putting something into a form and, by extension, the product resulting from this process. Fig.1.1 Illustration of Information refinding search Time and Total Context Search Time International Journal of Computer Tre...

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.... Quill [11] is another provenance-based search tool. It has an internal system monitor which tracks and captures meta-data related to documents, email messages, web pages and calendars. Quill uses a more narrative-based query model; using structured text input, it allows users to describe their target document using predefined statements and filling in the blanks to predefined narratives. Contextual cues can also help users in their search process. For example a user might not remember a web address, but they might remember what music they were listening to while visiting that page. YouPivot [12] is a tool that allows users to find information by searching for related and memorable activities occurring at the same time. The concept of provenance as part of documents’ history has been explored in a number of systems. Lifestreams [9] is built around a timeline metaphor where all resources and files are tracked, temporally sorted, and visualized into a timeline from creation to deletion. By traversing this timeline users can backtrack and see past actions in context, and thus find resources. Users are able to filter resources by creating sub-streams, but this interface does not allow for...

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...iodically emailing personal questions and attempts to create a repository of reminiscences [99]. The YouPivot system facilitates searching for contextually associated activities on a desktop computer =-=[50]-=-. Crete-Nishihata et al. have also studied the impact of creating multimedia biographies from personal digital pictures, documents, music, etc. on patients with Alzheimer’s disease or mild cognitive i...

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...s cannot coherently capture an entire cross-application information foraging task. They either facilitate document re-location based on contextual cues (such as last usage times and related documents =-=[26, 18, 13]-=-), or provide a single-application visual operation history (such as image editors or visualization software [22, 14, 12]). Our workWindowTrails is a first attempt to bridge the gap between browsing h...