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The thesis describes novel techniques and algorithms for the practical parsing of realistic Natural Language (NL) texts with a wide-coverage unification-based grammar of English. The thesis tackles two of the major problems in this area: firstly, the fact that parsing realistic inputs with such grammars can be computationally very expensive, and secondly, the observation that many analyses are often assigned to an input, only one of which usually forms the basis of the correct interpretation. The thesis starts by presenting a new unification algorithm, justifies why it is well-suited to practical NL parsing, and describes a bottom-up active chart parser which employs this unification algorithm together with several other novel processing and optimisation techniques. Empirical results demonstrate that an implementation of this parser has significantly better practical

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this paper appeared in Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Partial Evaluation and Semantics-Based Program Manipulation, 1995 under the title "The Essence of LR Parsing." Authors' addresses: Michael Sperber, Wilhelm-Schickard-Institut fur Informatik, Universitat Tubingen, Sand 13, D72076 Tubingen, Germany, sperber@informatik.uni-tuebingen.de.

ing with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers, or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from Publications Dept., ACM Inc., fax +1 (212) 869-0481, or (permissions@acm.org). An Evaluation of an Automatically Generated Compiler ANTHONY M. SLOANE James Cook University Compilers or language translators can be generated using a variety of formal specification techniques. Whether generation is worthwhile depends on the effort required to specify the translation task and the quality of the generated compiler. A systematic comparison was conducted between a hand-coded translator for the Icon programming language and one generated by the Eli compiler construction system. A direct comparison could be made since the generated program performs the same translation as the hand-coded program. The results of the comparisonshow that efficient compilers can be generated from specifications that are much small...