In this paper we propose a family of new algorithms for nonnegative matrix/tensor factorization (NMF/NTF) and sparse nonnegative coding and representation that has many potential applications in computational neuroscience, multisensory, multidimensional data analysis and text mining. We have developed a class of local algorithms which are extensions of Hierarchical Alternating Least Squares (HALS) algorithms proposed by us in [1]. For these purposes, we have performed simultaneous constrained minimization of a set of robust cost functions called alpha and beta divergences. Our algorithms are locally stable and work well for the NMF blind source separation (BSS) not only for the over-determined case but also for an under-determined (over-complete) case (i.e., for a system which has less sensors than sources) if data are sufficiently sparse. The NMF learning rules are extended and generalized for N-th order nonnegative tensor factorization (NTF). Moreover, new algorithms can be potentially accommodated to different noise statistics by just adjusting a single parameter. Extensive experimental results confirm the validity and high performance of the developed algorithms, especially, with usage of the multi-layer hierarchical approach [1]. 1.

SUMMARY Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) and its extensions such as Nonnegative Tensor Factorization (NTF) have become prominent techniques for blind sources separation (BSS), analysis of image databases, data mining and other information retrieval and clustering applications. In this paper we propose a family of efficient algorithms for NMF/NTF, as well as sparse nonnegative coding and representation, that has many potential applications in computational neuroscience, multisensory processing, compressed sensing and multidimensional data analysis. We have developed a class of optimized local algorithms which are referred to as Hierarchical Alternating Least Squares (HALS) algorithms. For these purposes, we have performed sequential constrained minimization on a set of squared Euclidean distances. We then extend this approach to robust cost functions using the Alpha and Beta divergences and derive flexible update rules. Our algorithms are locally stable and work well for NMF-based blind source separation (BSS) not only for the over-determined case but also for an under-determined (over-complete) case (i.e., for a system which has less sensors than sources) if data are sufficiently sparse. The NMF learning rules are extended and generalized for N-th order nonnegative tensor factorization (NTF). Moreover, these algorithms can be tuned to different noise statistics by adjusting a single parameter. Extensive experimental results confirm the accuracy and computational performance of the developed algorithms, especially, with usage of multi-layer hierarchical NMF approach [3]. key words: Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), nonnegative tensor factorizations (NTF), nonnegative PARAFAC, model reduction, feature extraction, compression, denoising, multiplicative local learning (adaptive) algorithms, Alpha and Beta divergences. 1.