Requests for dynamic and personalized content have increasingly become a significant part of Internet traffic, driven both by a growth in dynamic web services and a "trickle-down" effect stemming from the effectiveness of caches and content-distribution networks at serving static content. To efficiently serve this trend, several server-side and cache-side techniques have recently been proposed. Although such techniques, which exploit different forms of reuse at the sub-document level, appear promising, a significant impediment to their widespread deployment is (1) the absence of good models describing characteristics of dynamic web content, and (2) the lack of effective synthetic content generators, which reduce the effort involved in verifying the effectiveness of a proposed solution.

Requests for dynamic and personalized content have become an important part of current-day Internet traffic; however, traditional caching architectures are not wellsuited to cache such content. Several recently proposed techniques, which exploit reuse at the sub-document level, promise to address this shortcoming, but require a better understanding of the workloads seen on web sites that serve such content. In this paper, we study the characteristics of a mediumsized personalized web site, NYUHome, which is a customizable portal used by approximately 44,000 users from the New York University community. Our study leverages detailed server-side traces of client activity over a two-week period in February 2002, obtained by instrumenting the NYUHome server. The paper presents statistics on document composition, personalization behavior, server-side overheads, and clientperceived request latencies. We then use these statistics to derive general implications for efficient caching and edge generation of dynamic content in the context of our ongoing CONCA project. Our study verifies both the need for and likely benefit from caching content at sub-document granularity, and points to additional opportunities for reducing client-perceived latency using prefetching, access prediction, content transcoding, and migrating channel generation functionality to the edge. 1

The proportion of dynamic objects has been growing at a fast rate in the world wide web.

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The proportion of dynamic objects has been growing at a fast rate in the world wide web. However, because of additional resource requirements and the changing nature of these objects, the performance of accessing dynamic web contents has been observed to be poor in the current generation web services. We propose a framework called WebGraph that helps in improving the response time for accessing dynamic objects. The WebGraph framework manages a graph for each of the web pages. Both the nodes and the edges have attributes that are used in managing the web pages. Instead of recomputing and recreating the entire page, the node and edge attributes are used to update a subset of the weblets are are then integrated to form the entire page. In addition to the performance benefits in terms of lower response time, the WebGraph framework facilitates web caching, QoS support, load balancing, overload control, personalized services, and security for both dynamic as well as static web pages.

The web has experienced phenomenal growth and has become an important element of the information infrastructure of many organizations. Web performance and around-the-clock availability are the major concerns of Webmasters of sites that support mission critical applications, such as electronic commerce. Web sites are complex computer systems consisting of many interconnected computers, networks, and routers. Some of the computers have specific functions such as certification or caching. Workloads on Web sites are often unpredictable in nature. Heavy load spikes and a large variability of the objects requested over the Web are unique characteristics of Web workloads. This paper reviews the important issues and challenges in modeling Web-based systems. Workload characterization, predictive models, and their use in various situations are discussed.

Proxy caching and content distribution networks (CDNs) are two major approaches to improve Web application performance. Unfortunately, we have witnessed the inefficiency of them to the rapid growth of uncacheable HTTP content, resulting from ever-increasing dynamic Web services, cache busting technologies, and the emergency of various HTTP-based applications. Although several approaches have been proposed for caching fragment-based dynamic Web content, such as edge side include and client-side include, we believe that a general understanding of the characteristics of uncacheable HTTP content is of great importance to the future of HTTP-based content caching and delivery. In this paper, we characterized...