The technical analysis used in determining which of the Advanced Encryption Standard candidates will be selected as the Advanced Encryption Algorithm includes efficiency testing of both hardware and software implementations of candidate algorithms. Reprogrmmable devices such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are highly attractive options for hardware implementations of encryption algorithms as they provide cryptographic algorithm agility, physical security, and potentially much higher performance than software solutions. This contribution investigates the significance of FPGA implementations of four of the Advanced Encryption Standard candidate algorithm finalists. Multiple architectural implementation options are explored for each algorithm. A strong focus is placed on high throughput implementations, which are required to support security for current and future high bandwidth applications.

The technical analysis used in determining which of the potential Advanced Encryption Standard candidates will be selected as the Advanced Encryption Algorithm includes efficiency testing of both hardware and software implementations of candidate algorithms. Reprogrammable devices such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are highly attractive options for hardware implementations of encryption algorithms as they provide cryptographic algorithm agility, physical security, and potentially much higher performance than software solutions. This contribution investigates the significance of FPGA implementations of the Advanced Encryption Standard candidate algorithms. Multiple architectural implementation options are explored for each algorithm. A strong focus is placed on high throughput implementations, which are required to support security for current and future high bandwidth applications. Finally, the implementations of each algorithm will be compared in an effort to determine the most suitable candidate for hardware implementation within commercially available FPGAs.

With the expiration of the Data Encryption Standard (DES) in 1998, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) development process is well underway. It is hoped that the result of the AES process will be the specification of a new nonclassified encryption algorithm that will have the global acceptance achieved by DES as well as the capability of longterm protection of sensitive information. The technical analysis used in determining which of the potential AES candidates will be selected as the Advanced Encryption Algorithm includes e#ciency testing of both hardware and software implementations of candidate algorithms. Reprogrammable devices such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are highly attractive options for hardware implementations of encryption algorithms as they provide cryptographic algorithm agility, physical security, and potentially much higher performance than software solutions. This contribution investigates the significance of an FPGA implementation of Serpent, one of the Advanced Encryption Standard candidate algorithms. Multiple architecture options of the Serpent algorithm will be explored with a strong focus being placed on a high speed implementation within an FPGA in order to support security for current and future high bandwidth applications. One of the main findings is that Serpent can be implemented with encryption rates beyond 4 Gbit/s on current FPGAs.

this paper is devoted to studying FPGAs from a systems security perspective. We do this by looking at attacks documented in the literature against FPGAs as well as attacks that have been performed against other hardware platforms and by adapting them and their solutions to FPGAs. Furthermore, we provide a list of open problems regarding system security of FPGAs

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Cryptographic algorithm agility, or the capability to switch between several encryption algorithms, has become a desirable feature due to the algorithm-independent design paradigm of modern security protocols. Moreover, applications such as cell encryption in ATM networks require the ability to quickly change ciphers. A promising answer to algorithm agility in hardware is reconfigurable logic. This contribution describes the design and implementation of an algorithm-agile cryptographic co-processor board. The core of the board is an FPGA which can be dynamically configured with a variety of block ciphers. The FPGA is capable of encrypting data at high speed through an ISA bus interface. The board contains a RAM with a collection of FPGA configuration files. In addition, the algorithms can be added or deleted during operation. The co-processor board also contains other reconfigurable logic and a microprocessor for control functions, and high-speed FIFOs for data storage. We report about the general design, our experiences with this proof-of-concept implementation, and recommendations for future work.