Prominent defenders of the extended cognition thesis have looked to evolutionary theory for support. Roughly, the idea is that natural selection leads one to expect that cognitive strategies should exploit the environment, and exploitation of the right sort results in a cognitive system that extends beyond the head of the organism. I argue that proper appreciation of evolutionary theory should create no such expectation. This leaves open whether cognitive systems might in fact bear a relationship to the environment that leads to their extension. 1. Introduction. Appeals

iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS No need to be mushy; after all, this is only a dissertation. The contributions of others to the graduate career which has culminated in the completion of this document are many and have taken numerous forms, from friendships that will always be cherished to brief conversations that provoked a cascade of enjoyable thought. Instead of being maudlin about it, let me be abecedarian. Forthwith, the support of the following people during my studies at