Abstract: Despite the widely recognised importance of intellectual capital as a vital source of competitive advantage, there is still little understanding of how organisations actually combine their components to drive value. The purpose of this study is to examine the interrelationships among intellectual capital components within the Portuguese banking context by extending a study completed by Bontis. Several paths are identified that drive towards superior performance. Various models are assessed using a Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach given its advantages in dealing with complex models and its predictive capability. Empirical findings from this study support the proposition that intellectual capital is a driver of organisational value, but only in certain combinations.

This paper offers a refined conceptualization of consensus formation and demonstrates in three organizations how this conceptualization enables us to uncover new patterns of consensus building. It describes a longitudinal study which investigated consensus formation in three organizations undergoing major strategic change. The study explored whether consensus building occurred during the strategic change, and if so, how. Initial participants of consensus were also investigated as well as changes in the scope of participants in consensus. Consensus building did occur, but contrary to some views, less through an increase in the strength of consensus and more through an increase in the scope of consensus. Additionally, initial consensus was not located among members of the top management team, but more within an interest group whose members benefited from the given direction of the change.

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2 In this paper we examine the use of the key informant methodology by researchers investigating interorganizational relationships. To increase the reliability of informant reports, the use of multiple informants has often been advocated. However, interorganizational research still tends to rely on single informants. Here, we investigate issues having to do with informant selection and obtaining perceptual agreement among multiple informants, twoproblems which may have inhibited more widespread use of multiple informants. We suggest procedures for dealing with these problems and provide an illustrative application of our proposals. The research was supported by grants from Marketing Science Institute and The Pennsylvania State University’s Institute for the Study of Business Markets. The authors gratefully acknowledge the valuable contributions of Ravi S. Achrol, Hans Baumgartner, Christophe Van

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Abstract: Previous empirical studies confirm that intellectual capital has a significant and substantive impact on performance. The purpose of this research is to examine the inter-relationships and interactions among intellectual capital components and business performance in the Portuguese banking industry. The concept of relational capital was extended to include ‘stakeholder orientation ’ items. Model development and hypothesis testing was conducted using PLS on a sample of 253 respondents from 53 organisations. Results show a confirmation of previous studies as it relates to hypothesis testing but a difference in psychometric item evaluation given the unique geographical and sectoral context. Recommendations are then made for researchers and practitioners.