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The sexual activity and birth-control use of American teenagers
- in Gruber (2001). Machina, Mark
, 1982
"... participants at the June preconference and December conference for their helpful suggestions and ..."
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Cited by 13 (3 self)
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participants at the June preconference and December conference for their helpful suggestions and
A ‘Natural Experiment ’ on the Economics of Storks: Evidence on the Impact of Differential Family Policy on Fertility Rates in
, 2001
"... The financial support of the CQRS Fund is gratefully acknowledged. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not reflect the opinions of Human Resources Development Canada. Résumé: À partir de 1986, le gouvernement du Québec a mis graduellement en place une série de mesures de souti ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 1 (0 self)
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The financial support of the CQRS Fund is gratefully acknowledged. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not reflect the opinions of Human Resources Development Canada. Résumé: À partir de 1986, le gouvernement du Québec a mis graduellement en place une série de mesures de soutien financier en faveur des familles (allocations universel les jeunes enfants et de naissance modulées selon le rang de naissances, crédit d’impôt et réduction d’impôt famille) afin de renverser la baisse importante de la fécondité. Durant la même période, le gouvernement fédéral réduisait son soutien financier à l’égard des familles. Ce changement de politique familiale provinciale unique au Québec offre une “expérience naturelle ” permettant de mesurer l’effet des transferts et de la fiscalité sur la fcondité. Plusieurs types de données et de méthodes d’analyse sont utilisées pour identifier “l’effet traitement” de la politique au Québec. D’abord, les naissances selon le rang, l’année et l’âge de la mère pour le Québec et le Reste du Canada (RdC), permettent de distinguer, à l’aide de la formule proposée par Bongaarts-Feeney, l’effet de tempo de l’effet de quantum qui peuvent être associées aux changements de fécondité.
THE TIMING OF BIRTHS: IS THE QUALITY OF INFANTS COUNTER-CYCLICAL? *
"... This paper examines whether there is a counter-cyclical pattern in the quality of children. In particular, we study the relationship between the unemployment rate and several measures of parental characteristics, parental behavior behavior, and child health. Using data from the Natality files, inclu ..."
Abstract
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This paper examines whether there is a counter-cyclical pattern in the quality of children. In particular, we study the relationship between the unemployment rate and several measures of parental characteristics, parental behavior behavior, and child health. Using data from the Natality files, including panel level data of mothers, we find evidence of positive, counter-cyclical variation in babies health: when unemployment is high at the time of conception, babies are healthier at birth. Part of these improvements is due to improvements in maternal behaviors in recessions, such as greater use of prenatal care. However there is also a large part that is due to selection in the timing of births. In particular, we find evidence that low educated black mothers do not have children during recessions due to credit constraints, where as the opposite is true of white mothers, who tend to become pregnant when unemployment is high, due to lower opportunity cost. Overall we find that babies are healthier, and that this effect is greater for blacks than for whites, which is consistent with improved behavior of all, but opposite selection between black and whites.

