This paper tries to serve as an introductory reading to privacy issues in the field of ubiquitous computing. It develops six principles for guiding system design, based on a set of fair information practices common in most privacy legislation in use today: notice, choice and consent, proximity and locality, anonymity and pseudonymity, security, and access and recourse. A brief look at the history of privacy protection, its legal status, and its expected utility is provided as a background.

. In this paper, we propose ICrafter, a framework for services

We envision a world of mobile users in an unobtrusive ubiquitous computing environment that couples a computational model, digital media, and virtual representations of the physical world. Hundreds of embedded computers support the information and computational needs of each user. Users, applications, and computing devices move. The location of users and devices drives applications and resource management. Users have anytime/anywhere access to information, the network, and computational resources. Within this world, applications that make effective use of resources to support the activities of users must be simple and efficient to construct. Changes to the physical environment alter the computational model and information space of the users. Similarly, changes to the computational model and information space may alter the physical environment. We call this environment an Active Space. We propose a systems software infrastructure that functions in much the same way as a traditional operating system.

this paper, we propose using multipath routing to increase resilience to node failure. Multipath routing techniques have been discussed in the literature for several years now (Section V). However, the application of multipath routing to sensor networks and other systems that permit data-centric routing with localized path setup has not yet been explored. We consider two different approaches to constructing multipaths between two nodes. One is the classical node-disjoint multipath adopted by prior work, where the alternate paths do not intersect the original path (or each other). The disjoint property ensures that, when k alternate paths are constructed, no set of k node failures can eliminate all the paths. The other approach abandons the requirement for disjoint paths and instead builds many braided paths. With braided paths, there are typically no completely disjoint paths but rather many partially disjoint alternate paths

Sensor networks differ from traditional networks in several ways: sensor networks have severe energy constraints, redundant low-rate data, and many-to-one flows. The end-to-end routing schemes that have been proposed in the literature for mobile ad-hoc networks are not appropriate under these settings. Data-centric technologies are needed that perform in-network aggregation of data to yield energy-efficient dissemination. In this paper we model data-centric routing and compare its performance with traditional end-to-end routing schemes. We examine the impact of source-destination placement and communication network density on the energy costs, delay, and robustness of data aggregation. We show that data-centric routing offers significant performance gains across a wide range of operational scenarios.

and have found that it is complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the final examining committee have been made.

Pervasive computing provides an attractive vision for the future of computing. Computational power will be available everywhere. Mobile and stationary devices will dynamically connect and coordinate to seamlessly help users in accomplishing their tasks. However, for this vision to become a reality, developers must build applications that constantly adapt to a highly dynamic computing environment. To make the developers' task feasible, we introduce a system architecture for pervasive computing, called one.world . Our architecture provides an integrated and comprehensive framework for building pervasive applications. It includes a set of services, such as service discovery, checkpointing, migration, and replication, that help to structure applications and directly simplify the task of coping with constant change. We describe the design and implementation of our architecture and present the results of an evaluation, which includes two case studies.

Abstract. Enabling the ambient intelligence vision means that consumers will be provided with universal and immediate access to available content and services, together with ways of effectively exploiting them. Concentrating on the software system development aspect, this means that the actual implementation of any ambient intelligence application requested by a user can only be resolved at runtime according to the user’s specific situation. This paper introduces a base declarative language and associated core middleware, which supports the abstract specification of Ambient Intelligence applications together with their dynamic composition according to the environment. The proposed solution builds on the Web services architecture, whose pervasiveness enables both services availability in most environments, and specification of applications supporting automated retrieval and composition. In addition, dynamic composition of applications is dealt in a way that enforces the quality of service of deployed applications in terms of security and performance.

Pervasive computing, with its focus on users and their tasks rather than on computing devices and technology, provides an attractive vision for the future of computing. But, while hardware and networking infrastructure to realize this vision are becoming a reality, precious few applications run in this infrastructure. We believe that this lack of applications stems largely from the fact that it is currently too hard to design, build, and deploy applications in the pervasive computing space.

Many visions of the future predict a world with pervasive computing, where computing services and resources permeate the environment. In these visions, people will want to execute a service on any available device without worrying about whether the service has been tailored for the device. We believe that it will be difficult to create services that can execute well on the wide variety of devices that are being developed because of problems with diversity and resource constraints. We believe