Abstract. We present a constructive proof of the Stone-Yosida representation theorem for Riesz spaces motivated by considerations from formal topology. This theorem is used to derive a representation theorem for f-algebras. In turn, this theorem implies the Gelfand representation theorem for C*-algebras of operators on Hilbert spaces as formulated by Bishop and Bridges. Our proof is shorter, clearer, and we avoid the use of approximate eigenvalues.

Abstract. We present a constructive algebraic integration theory. The theory is constructive in the sense of Bishop, however we avoid the axiom of countable, or dependent, choice. Thus our results can be interpreted in any topos. Since we avoid impredicative methods the results may also be interpreted in Martin-L type theory or in a predicative topos in the sense of Moerdijk and Palmgren. We outline how to develop most of Bishop’s theorems on integration theory that do not mention points explicitly. Coquand’s constructive version of the Stone representation theorem is an important tool in this process. It is also used to give a new proof of Bishop’s spectral theorem.

The first part of the paper introduces the varieties of modern constructive mathematics, concentrating on Bishop's constructive mathematics (BISH). It gives a sketch of both Myhill's axiomatic system for BISH and a constructive axiomatic development of the real line R. The second part of the paper focusses on the relation between constructive mathematics and programming, with emphasis on Martin-Lof's theory of types as a formal system for BISH. 1 What is Constructive Mathematics? The story of modern constructive mathematics begins with the publication, in 1907, of L.E.J. Brouwer's doctoral dissertation Over de Grondslagen der Wiskunde [18], in which he gave the first exposition of his philosophy of intuitionism (a general philosophy, not merely one for mathematics). According to Brouwer, mathematics is a creation of the human mind, and precedes logic: the logic we use in mathematics grows from mathematical practice, and is not some a priori given before mathematical activity c...

A weak choice principle is introduced that is implied both by countable choice and by the law of excluded middle. This principle suffices to prove that metric independence is the same as linear independence in an arbitrary normed space over a locally compact field, and to prove the fundamental theorem of algebra.

Let L be the zero set of a nonconstant monic polynomial with complex coe ¢ cients. In the context of constructive mathematics without countable choice, it may not be possible to construct an element of L. In this paper we introduce a notion of distance from a point to a subset, more general than the usual one, that allows us to measure distances to subsets like L. To verify the correctness of this notion, we show that the zero set of a polynomial cannot be empty — a weak fundamental theorem of algebra. We also show that the zero sets of two polynomials are a positive distance from each other if and only if the polynomials are comaximal. Finally, the zero set of a polynomial is used to construct a separable Riesz space, in which every element is normable, that has no Riesz homomorphism into the real numbers. 1 Quasidistance Let T be a set of real numbers. A lower bound for T is a real number b such

We examine natural questions arising when one wants to study “open ” algebraic properties of real numbers, (i.e., properties of real numbers w.r.t. { 0, 1, +, −, ×,>}) in a constructive setting as in [2, Bishop&Bridges] and [17, Mines,Richman&Ruitenburg]. New results by Daniel Bembe [3] on the Budan-Fourier count show that virtual real roots

Abstract. We extract a quantitative variant of uniqueness from the usual hypotheses of the implicit functions theorem. This leads not only to an a priori proof of continuity, but also to an alternative, fully constructive existence proof. 1

Abstract. What is a computable set? One may call a bounded subset of the plane computable if it can be drawn at any resolution on a computer screen. Using the constructive approach to computability one naturally considers totally bounded subsets of the plane. We connect this notion with notions introduced in other frameworks. A subset of a totally bounded set is again totally bounded iff it is located. Locatedness is one of the fundamental notions in constructive mathematics. The existence of a positivity predicate on a locale, i.e. the locale being overt, or open, has proved to be fundamental in locale theory in a constructive, or topos theoretic, context. We show that the two notions are intimately connected. We propose a definition of located closed sublocale motivated by locatedness of subsets of metric spaces. A closed sublocale of a compact regular locale is located iff it is overt. Moreover, a closed subset of a complete metric space is Bishop compact — that is, totally bounded and complete — iff its localic completion is compact overt. For Baire space metric locatedness corresponds to having a decidable positivity predicate. Finally, we show that the points of the Vietoris locale of a compact regular locale are precisely its compact overt sublocales. We work constructively, predicatively and avoid the use of the axiom of countable choice. Consequently, all are results are valid in any predicative topos. 1.