This work presents a unied pattern-based epistemological framework, called a Knowledge Manifold, for the description and extraction of knowledge from information. Within this framework it also presents the metaphor of the Garden Of Knowledge as a constructive example. Any type of KM is defined in terms of its objective calibration protocols - procedures that are implemented on top of the participating subjective knowledge-patches. They are the procedures of agreement and obedience that characterize the coherence of any type of interaction, and which are used here in order to formalize the concept of participator consciousness in terms of the inverse-direct limit duality of Category Theory.

Abstract. There is a common perception by which small numbers are considered more concrete and large numbers more abstract. A mathematical formalization of this idea was introduced by Parikh (1971) through an inconsistent theory of feasible numbers in which addition and multiplication are as usual but for which some very large number is defined to be not feasible. Parikh shows that sufficiently short proofs in this theory can only prove true statements of arithmetic. We pursue these topics in light of logical flow graphs of proofs (Buss, 1991) and show that Parikh’s lower bound for concrete consistency reflects the presence of cycles in the logical graphs of short proofs of feasibility of large numbers. We discuss two concrete constructions which show the bound to be optimal and bring out the dynamical aspect of formal proofs. For this paper the concept of feasible numbers has two roles, as an idea with its own life and as a vehicle for exploring general principles on the dynamics and geometry of proofs. Cycles can be seen as a measure of how complicated a proof can be. We prove that short proofs must have cycles. 1.

In this work we consider the behavioral aspects of system modeling. In order to specify the behavior of a system, many different notations can be used. Quite often, different terms in these notations are related to the same element in a system implementation. In order to relate these terms and guarantee the consistency between different notations, a standard framework should be used. In this work we show how the Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing (RM-ODP) can be used for the purpose of the mapping of terms from different behavioral notations. RM-ODP behavior models are based on the concept of Time Specific Action. Time Specific Actions represent directly things that happen in the Universe of Discourse with explicit reference to time. However the explicit reference to time leads to a considerable loss of abstractness. To elevate the level of abstraction we have considered Time Abstracted RM-ODP models where concrete time information is omitted. We used Time Abstracted RM-ODP models to show the correspondence between terms in UML Activity Diagrams, UML Statechart Diagrams and CCS process algebra by means of relating them with RM-ODP terms. This allows us to consider RM-ODP as a possible meta-model for behavior specifications written in UML. It can help to insure the consistency of UMLmodels.

Creativity is one of the most remarkable characteristics of the human mind. It is thus natural that Artificial Intelligence's research groups have been working towards the study and proposal of adequate computational models to creativity. Artificial creative systems are potentially effective in a wide range of artistic, architectural and engineering domains where detailed problem specification is virtually impossible and, therefore, conventional problem solving is unlikely to produce useful solutions. Moreover their study may contribute to the overall understanding of the mechanisms behind human creativity.

Abstract—A key issue of genomic signal processing is the design of gene regulatory networks. A probabilistic Boolean network (PBN) is composed of a family of Boolean networks. It stochastically switches between its constituent networks (contexts). For network design, connectivity and transition rules must be inferred from data via some optimization criterion. Except rarely, the optimal rule for a gene will not be a perfect predictor because there will be inconsistencies in the data. It would be natural to model these inconsistencies to reflect changes in PBN contexts. If we assume inconsistencies result from the data arising from a random function, then design involves finding the realizations of a random function and the probability mass on those realizations so that the resulting random function best fits the data relative to the expectation of its output and does so using a minimal number of realizations. We propose PBN design satisfying the biological assumption that data are consistent within a context, for which the distribution of the network agrees with the empirical distribution of the data, and such that this is accomplished with a minimal number of contexts. The design also satisfies the biological constraint that, because the network spends the great majority of time in its attractors, all data states should be attractor states in the model. Index Terms—Data consistency, gene regulatory network, graphical model, network inference. I.

This article explores the view that computational models of cognition may constitute valid theories of cognition, often in the full sense of the term ‘‘theory”. In this discussion, this article examines various (existent or possible) positions on this issue and argues in favor of the view above. It also connects this issue with a number of other relevant issues, such as the general relationship between theory and data, the validation of models, and the practical benefits of computational modeling. All the discussions point to the position that computational cognitive models can be true theories of cognition.

Poincaré famously compared the logician’s understanding of mathematics to the understanding we would have of chess if we were only to know its rules. ”To understand the game, ” Poincaré wrote, ”is wholly another matter; it is to know why the player moves this piece rather than that other which he could have moved without breaking the rules of the game. It is to perceive the inward reason which makes of this series of moves a sort of organized whole. ” [P, pp. 217-218] The Dutch mathematician L.E.J. Brouwer took a position similar to Poincaré’s: genuinely mathematical reasoning is not simply a matter of logical inference. It is, as Poincaré put it, a matter of mathematical insight. Despite those views concerning logic, Poincaré and Brouwer believed that the foundations of mathematics ought to be studied, and indeed carried out fundamental work in this area. This might strike contemporary ears as a bit odd, but it is a consistent view. Mathematical logic and the foundations of mathematics are frequently lumped together, as though they are the same.

A design problem cannot be comprehensively stated because the design problem has a multi-disciplinary nature and the design problem itself evolves as solutions are attempted by the designer. Therefore, an ideal computer based design system should have the capability to accommodate the multi-disciplinary nature of design and should not prescribe or restrict design concepts and design knowledge. A well designed integrated design environment provides more information and invokes creative imagination for each design stage, and therefore creative decision making by the designer can be achieved. In this paper, the author argues that creativity is an activity resulting from the ordinary thought process of ordinary individuals and creative action is slow and incremental, and comes from a sound basis of background knowledge. Past experience is the basis for the initial approach to a problem. Provided with a set of supporting facts and all corresponding knowledge, with the help of computer, the result produced by execution of that procedure could be original and novel. Intelligent design systems are based on the premise that there is nothing mystical in the human thinking process. On the basis of the above arguments, the author proposes a prototype architectural design environment, which aims to integrate various applications for designing a building. Within an object-oriented design environment, a unified data model and a data management system have been implemented to seamlessly connect all applications.

Once we accept that there is something called creativity we are led to wonder how are the creative people and what are the creative acts. This wonderment compels us to understand the underlying cognitive process in a creative act and the hardware requirements for this process to go on. We then arrive at a position for seeking an implementable model of and the paradoxicalness involved therein. This leaves us asking more and more questions, and we try to answer them. Perhaps our creativity will come of help in answering these questions!

creativity. Subject area: Internet studies, new media studies, Russian studies, history, ethnography, creativity theory. The study investigates manifestations of creativity in the history of the Russian Internet. It seeks to discover internal logic of the development of creative forms, to identify the factors that account for change and to analyse the relationship between Internet creativity and wider sociocultural contexts. Creativity is defined as production and communication of cultural value. On this basis an operational concept of Internet creativity is developed which allows identifying regularities in the phenomena which have been usually studied separately. Case studies concern the evolution of Russian online media, the virtual persona as an artistic genre, the Russian community on LiveJournal and Jokes from Russia web site. The theoretical issues include the role of cultural identity and social context as a shaping force of Internet culture; motivation for creativity; user contribution, collaboration and the interplay between personal and collective creativity; the opposition between official and non-official spheres in Russian culture; issues of censorship and free speech. The study develops theories which challenge or expand concepts established in research literature and provide a model for further research. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Certificate of acceptance i