Regular Paper This paper provides a foundation for modeling the set of activities and their relationships by which systems are engineered, or, more broadly, by which products and services are developed. It provides background, motivations, and formal definitions for process modeling in this specialized environment. We treat the process itself as a kind of system that can be engineered. However, while product systems must be created, the process systems for developing complex products must, to a greater extent, be discovered and induced. Then, they tend to be reused, either formally as standard processes, or informally by the workforce. We distinguish and clarify several important concepts in modeling processes, including: product development versus repetitive business processes, descriptive versus prescriptive processes, activities as actions versus deliverables as interactions, standard versus deployed processes, centralized versus decentralized process modeling, “as is ” versus “to be ” process modeling, and multiple phases in product development. We also present a basically simple yet highly extendable and generalized framework for modeling product development processes. The framework enables building a single model to support a variety of purposes, including project planning (scheduling, budgeting, resource loading, and risk management) and control, and it provides the scaffolding for knowledge management and organizational

Many forms of analyzing future technology and its consequences coexist, for example, technology intelligence, forecasting, roadmapping, assessment, and foresight. All of these techniques fit into a field we call technology futures analysis (TFA). These methods have matured rather separately, with little interchange and sharing of information on methods and processes. There is a range of experience in the use of all of these, but changes in the technologies in which these methods are used---from industrial to information and molecular---make it necessary to reconsider the TFA methods. New methods need to be explored to take advantage of information resources and new approaches to complex systems. Examination of the processes sheds light on ways to improve the usefulness of TFA to a variety of potential users, from corporate managers to national policy makers. Sharing perspectives among the several TFA forms and introducing new approaches from other fields should advance TFA methods and processes to better inform technology management as well as science and research policy.

Abstract—In order to improve the leaping function of robots, the documented information of bionic robots is collected for the study and analyzed according to existing mechanisms. The ideal design with application of the innovative design theory “TRIZ ” was used as a basis of innovative design for bionic robot rabbits, so the plan that complies with the design demand can be allocated. In this study, the intelligent robot by Dr. Bioloid was used as the original mechanism for innovative combination and making of the bionic robot rabbit. Motion editors were used to program the behavior model of the robot rabbit, simulate structures, control and sport skills of rabbit, as well as selecting rabbit movement characteristics and recording the rabbit leaping forms with the motion editor, behavior controller and connection program. The motion smoothness for the innovative plan was also modified, so the behavior model of the bionic robot rabbit can be provided with more bionic, obstruction prevention and remote control functions. The results from this study can be used to verify the feasibility of a bionic robot rabbit, which helps improve the functions of the bionic robot. Index Terms—Bionic robot rabbit, Innovative design, TRIZ. I. PREFACE

In this paper, we propose a design model that relies on the notions of needs, perceptions, functions and products, which leads us to the definition of four design spaces. The design process being seen as a way to connect these spaces, it allows us to decline four characteristic design processes founded upon four elementary design stages. The aim of this proposal is twofold: first, to find a convenient map to locate the main design theories and methodologies the researchers currently develop. This is why we established a state-of-the-art of some major innovative (conceptual) design theories in research Secondly, to advocate that methods bridging the gaps between the four design spaces would bring paramount advantages on the understanding of needs and the quality of the final result. We made a trial of the adaptation of the multidimensional analysis method to product design to illustrate these benefits in terms of design analysis and specification functionalities.

ABSTRACT: Proponents of intelligent design have been remarkably successful, at least in the United States, in creating a cultural movement. They have also been remarkably successful at exasperating a scientific and intellectual world that dismisses intelligent design as the latest incarnation of creationism—more sophisticated than previous incarnations to be sure, but with many of the old faults. In this paper I want to focus on intelligent design’s merits as an intellectual project. I will show that the questions it raises are legitimate and cannot be dismissed on a priori grounds. Having demonstrated that intelligent design constitutes a valid intellectual project, I want next to review intelligent design’s progress to date. Finally, I will indicate certain milestones that intelligent design needs to achieve before it can expect broad recognition from the scientific community that it is making a fruitful contribution to our understanding of the natural world. 1. A Method for Detecting Design Intelligent design is the science that studies signs of intelligence. Because a sign is not the thing signified, intelligent design does not speculate about the intentions of a designer. Intelligent design’s focus is not on a designer’s intentions (the thing signified)

This article approaches problem solving, creativity, and ideas management from a learning perspective and in particular, Ideal SuperSmart ™ Learning. The Theory of Ideal SuperSmart ™ Learning could be regarded as a generic methodology for rapidly learning about, studying, and mastering multifiarious subjects and disciplines. Here, the focus is on problem solving, creativity, and ideas management. The main roles of the Theory of Ideal SuperSmart™ Learning are as a meta-methodology (a methodology of other methodologies) and problem-facilitating methodology (a methodology for facilitating problem solving, creativity, and ideas management). The discussions in the foregoing sections lay the foundation for a deep understanding of the Theory of Ideal SuperSmart ™ Learning and its macrotools. In subsequent sections, the focus is on a discussion of how to apply its meso- and micro-tools to methodologies such as Creative Problem Solving

A plethora of creative thinking techniques and invention heuristics exist to guide problem solvers towards innovative solutions. One of the problems that one is faced with is the selection of the appropriate technique for a specific problem, since none of them covers the full spectrum of approaches towards problem solving. A recent model that attempts to capture the essence of all of these techniques and heuristics, facilitates a more generic approach. This model is leveraged to construct Ideation Domains for software development.