ii The concept of shared spaces is gaining popularity around the world as an innovative approach to streetscape design. Shared spaces are streets which have very little separation between road users; meaning pedestrians, cyclists, and vehicles literally share the road space. Traffic control infrastructure is often removed from shared spaces to introduce a degree of uncertainty to urban streets, necessitating a more careful and courteous style of driving with the aim of increasing safety for all road users. Shared spaces are beginning to appear in New Zealand cities. This thesis provides a context of this introduction of shared spaces into New Zealand‟s urban areas and the issues that may affect the success of shared space in New Zealand. This includes examining what shared spaces currently exist and how well they are functioning, as well as any proposed shared spaces. Local authorities were contacted to evaluate the position of local government with regard to the shared space concept. Also, the purported advantages and disadvantages of shared spaces are investigated in a New Zealand-specific context to gauge the appropriateness

This report investigates the relationships between mobility (the amount people travel) and crash risk, and the safety impacts of mobility management strategies that change how and the amount people travel. Evidence summarized in this report indicates that per capita traffic crash rates tend to increase with per capita vehicle travel, and mobility management strategies can provide significant safety benefits. Strategies that reduce per capita vehicle travel, or shift travel from automobile to alternative modes, tend to reduce overall crash risk. Shifting vehicle travel to less-congested conditions tends to reduce crash frequency but may increase crash severity due to higher traffic speeds. Smart growth land use policies tend to reduce crash severity and fatality rates, although crash frequency may increase due to increased traffic density. Strategies that reduce traffic speeds reduce crash frequency and severity. Conventional traffic risk analysis understates many of these impacts. This analysis indicates that mobility management is a cost effective traffic safety

This report investigates the relationships between mobility (the amount people travel) and crash risk, and the safety impacts of mobility management strategies that change how and the amount people travel. Evidence summarized in this report indicates that per capita traffic crash rates tend to increase with per capita vehicle travel, and mobility management strategies can provide significant safety benefits. Strategies that reduce per capita vehicle travel, or shift travel from automobile to alternative modes, tend to reduce overall crash risk. Shifting vehicle travel from more- to less-congested conditions tends to reduce crash frequency but may increase crash severity due to higher traffic speeds. Smart growth land use policies tend to reduce crash severity and fatality rates, although crash frequency may increase due to increased traffic density. Strategies that reduce traffic speeds reduce crash frequency and severity. Conventional traffic risk analysis understates many of these impacts. This analysis indicates that mobility management is a cost effective traffic safety strategy, and increased safety is one of the largest benefits of mobility management.

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Valuing the health benefits of active transport modes

Cycle commuting is well-recognised but marginal in most English-speaking countries, following considerable popularity in the first half of the twentieth century. In recent decades, it has found favour among transport policy makers as a part solution to problems arising from the dominance of the motor car. As a mode of urban transport, the bicycle offers public health, economic, social, ecological, and quality-of-life advantages to both users and non-users. Auckland was one of the first New Zealand cities to have a cycle strategy, but has seen a slow decline in cycling since then. This thesis investigates the nature of cycle commuting as a social phenomenon, using the social systems theory of Niklas Luhmann to develop an analysis of its culture and social dynamics in New Zealand. It then deploys a range of systems design tools, including scenarios, causal loop diagrams, and system dynamics modeling, to develop an understanding of how to foster cycle commuting in Auckland. The final output is a set of recommendations towards doubling the proportion of cycle commuters by 2016.