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Biological motion cues trigger reflexive attentional orienting.
- Cognition,
, 2010
"... a b s t r a c t The human visual system is extremely sensitive to biological signals around us. In the current study, we demonstrate that biological motion walking direction can induce robust reflexive attentional orienting. Following a brief presentation of a central point-light walker walking tow ..."
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a b s t r a c t The human visual system is extremely sensitive to biological signals around us. In the current study, we demonstrate that biological motion walking direction can induce robust reflexive attentional orienting. Following a brief presentation of a central point-light walker walking towards either the left or right direction, observers' performance was significantly better on a target in the walking direction compared with that in the opposite direction even when participants were explicitly told that walking direction was not predictive of target location. Interestingly, the effect disappeared when the walker was shown upside-down. Moreover, the reflexive attentional orienting could be extended to motions of other biological entities but not inanimate objects, and was not due to the viewpoint effect of the point-light figure. Our findings provide strong evidence that biological motion cues can trigger reflexive attentional orienting, and highlight the intrinsic sensitivity of the human visual attention system to biological signals.
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, 2008
"... Altered lipoprotein metabolism in chronic inflammatory states: proinflammatory high-density lipoprotein and accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis ..."
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Altered lipoprotein metabolism in chronic inflammatory states: proinflammatory high-density lipoprotein and accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis
ELEMENTS FOR A NEURAL THEORY OF THE PROCESSING OF DYNAMIC FACES
"... Face recognition has been a central topic in computer vision for at least two decades and progress in recent years has been significant. Automated face recognition systems are now widespread in applications ranging from surveillance to personal computers. In contrast, only a handful of neurobiologic ..."
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Face recognition has been a central topic in computer vision for at least two decades and progress in recent years has been significant. Automated face recognition systems are now widespread in applications ranging from surveillance to personal computers. In contrast, only a handful of neurobiologically plausible computational models have
Developmental tuning of reflexive attentional effect to biological motion cues
"... The human visual system is extremely sensitive to the direction information retrieved from biological motion. In the current study, we investigate the functional impact of this sensitivity on attentional orienting in young children. We found that children as early as 4 years old, like adults, showe ..."
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The human visual system is extremely sensitive to the direction information retrieved from biological motion. In the current study, we investigate the functional impact of this sensitivity on attentional orienting in young children. We found that children as early as 4 years old, like adults, showed a robust reflexive attentional orienting effect to the walking direction of an upright point-light walker, indicating that biological motion signals can automatically direct spatial attention at an early age. More importantly, the inversion effect associated with attentional orienting emerges by 4 years old and gradually develops into a similar pattern found in adults. These results provide strong evidence that biological motion cues can guide the distribution of spatial attention in young children, and highlight a critical development from a broadlyto finely-tuned process of utilizing biological motion cues in the human social brain. T he ability to quickly recognize the motion of biological entities in the environment is extremely important for a species' survival, as it enables one to hunt prey, avoid predation, assess the intention of an approaching rival, and even identify a potential mate. Numerous studies have demonstrated that human observers are remarkably adept at detecting and recognizing biological motion signals in complex visual scenes, even when they are portrayed by just a handful of point lights attached to the head and major joints 1 . Notably, the ability to attend preferentially to biological motion arises at a very early age. For example, infants as young as four months can differentiate between upright and inverted human point-light walkers 2 and show preference for the former 3 . Even newly hatched domestic chicks reared in the dark manifest a spontaneous preference for biological over nonbiological motion patterns 4 . A similar phenomenon has also been observed with human neonates. 2-or 3-day-old infants have been able to distinguish the point-light biological motion from other random rigid motion displays and prefer to look at the former even if it depicts the other species' shape (i.e., a walking hen) 20 . Intriguingly, peripheral walking direction information can automatically influence the processing of a centrally presented point-light walker
Rufin Vogels
, 2010
"... A vast literature exists on human biological motion perception in impoverished displays, e.g., point-light walkers. Less is known about the perception of impoverished biological motion displays in macaques. We trained 3 macaques in the discrimination of facing direction (left versus right) and forw ..."
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A vast literature exists on human biological motion perception in impoverished displays, e.g., point-light walkers. Less is known about the perception of impoverished biological motion displays in macaques. We trained 3 macaques in the discrimination of facing direction (left versus right) and forward versus backward walking using motion-capture-based locomotion displays (treadmill walking) in which the body features were represented by cylinder-like primitives. The displays did not contain translatory motion. Discriminating forward versus backward locomotion requires motion information while the facing-direction/ view task can be solved using motion and/or form. All monkeys required lengthy training to learn the forward-backward task, while the view task was learned more quickly. Once acquired, the discriminations were specific to walking and stimulus format but generalized across actors. Although the view task could be solved using form cues, there was a small impact of motion. Performance in the forward-backward task was highly susceptible to degradations of spatiotemporal stimulus coherence and motion information. These results indicate that rhesus monkeys require extensive training in order to use the intrinsic motion cues related to forward versus backward locomotion and imply that extrapolation of observations concerning human perception of impoverished biological motion displays onto monkey perception needs to be made cautiously.
Composition du Jury:
, 2012
"... Pour obtenir le grade de docteur en sciences de l’environnement. ..."
Using eye tracking to investigate important cues for representative creature motion
"... Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of ..."
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Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers, or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee.
