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106
Modeling hippocampal and neocortical contributions to recognition memory: A complementary-learning-systems approach
- PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW
, 2003
"... We present a computational neural network model of recognition memory based on the biological structures of the hippocampus and medial temporal lobe cortex (MTLC), which perform complementary learning functions. The hippocampal component of the model contributes to recognition by recalling specific ..."
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Cited by 186 (22 self)
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We present a computational neural network model of recognition memory based on the biological structures of the hippocampus and medial temporal lobe cortex (MTLC), which perform complementary learning functions. The hippocampal component of the model contributes to recognition by recalling specific studied details. MTLC can not support recall, but it is possible to extract a scalar familiarity signal from MTLC that tracks how well the test item matches studied items. We present simulations that establish key qualitative differences in the operating characteristics of the hippocampal recall and MTLC familiarity signals, and we identify several manipulations (e.g., target-lure similarity, interference) that differentially affect the two signals. We also use the model to address the stochastic relationship between recall and familiarity (i.e., are they independent), and the effects of partial vs. complete hippocampal
Processing fluency and aesthetic pleasure: Is beauty in the perceiver’s processing experience?
- PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW
, 2004
"... We propose that aesthetic pleasure is a funnction of the perceiver s processing dynam-ics: The more fluently perceivers can process an object, the more positive their aes-thetic response. We review variables known to influence aesthetic judgments, such as figural goodness, figure-ground contrast, st ..."
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Cited by 140 (12 self)
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We propose that aesthetic pleasure is a funnction of the perceiver s processing dynam-ics: The more fluently perceivers can process an object, the more positive their aes-thetic response. We review variables known to influence aesthetic judgments, such as figural goodness, figure-ground contrast, stimulus repetition, symmetry, and pro-totvpicalitv, and trace their effects to changes in processing fluency. Other variables that influence processingfluency like visual or semantic priming, similarly increase judgments of aesthetic pleasure. Our proposal provides an integrative framework for the study of aesthetic pleasure and sheds light on the interplay between early prefer-ences versus cultural influences on taste, preferences for both prototypical and ab-stracted forms, and the relation between beauty and truth. In contrast to theories that trace aesthetic pleasure to objective stimulus features per se, we propose that beauty is grounded in the processing experiences of the perceiver which are in part afunc-tion ofstimulus properties. What is beauty? What makes for a beautiful face, appealing painting, pleasing design, or charming scenery? This question has been debated for at least 2,500 years and has been given a wide variety of answers (Feagin, 1995; Tatarkiewicz, 1970). However, one can broadly distinguish three main positions. Many theorists, dating back at least to Plato, saw beauty as a property of an object that produces a plea-surable experience in any suitable perceiver (Tatar-
Recognition memory and the human hippocampus
- Neuron
, 2003
"... between these views is to ask whether semantic memory 3LDS Hospital is spared or impaired in patients with bilateral damage ..."
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Cited by 74 (5 self)
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between these views is to ask whether semantic memory 3LDS Hospital is spared or impaired in patients with bilateral damage
A Dual-Process Account of the List-Length and Strength-Based Mirror Effects in Recognition
- Journal of Memory and Language
, 2003
"... Manipulating either list length (e.g., few vs. many study items) orenc&IIz strength (e.g., one presentation vs. multiple presentations ofeac study item)producG arecGHJfi94z mirror e#ecr A formaldual-procIJ theory ofrec ognition memory thatactJ&1k for theword-frequenc mirrore#ec is e ..."
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Cited by 30 (4 self)
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Manipulating either list length (e.g., few vs. many study items) orenc&IIz strength (e.g., one presentation vs. multiple presentations ofeac study item)producG arecGHJfi94z mirror e#ecr A formaldual-procIJ theory ofrec ognition memory thatactJ&1k for theword-frequenc mirrore#ec is extended toac9I19 for the list-length and strength-based mirror e#ecrJ AccrJ&1 to this theory, the hit portions of these mirror e#ecr result from di#erential ease ofreczGJfi9199HJcc recJfi9199H and the false alarm portions result from di#erentialrelianc on familiarity-based reciliarity ThisacJ&GI yieldspredicz98H forpartickJfi9& # Remember and Know responses as afuncGzJ of list length andenc4zkG strength. EmpiricJ data and model fits from four experiments support these predic991Jfi The data also demonstrate a reliable list-lengthe#ec when several potentialcentialJ1H facci arecJ9Iz8HJfi1 cJcz8HJfi1k to the debate regarding thee#ec of list length onreckzHJfi1Ik # 2003 Elsevier Scvier (USA). All rights reserved.
Electrophysiological correlates of emotion-induced recognition bias
- and neutral (2190
, 2001
"... & The question of how emotions influence recognition memory is of interest not only within basic cognitive neuroscience but from clinical and forensic perspectives as well. Emotional stimuli can induce a ``recognition bias' ' such that individuals are more likely to respond ``old' ..."
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Cited by 28 (1 self)
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& The question of how emotions influence recognition memory is of interest not only within basic cognitive neuroscience but from clinical and forensic perspectives as well. Emotional stimuli can induce a ``recognition bias' ' such that individuals are more likely to respond ``old' ' to a negative item than to an emotionally neutral item, whether the item is actually old or new. We investigated this bias using eventrelated brain potential (ERP) measures by comparing the processing of words given ``old' ' responses with accurate recognition of old/new differences. For correctly recognized items, the ERP difference between old items (hits) and new items (correct rejections, CR) was largely unaffected by emotional violence. That is, regardless of emotional valence, the ERP associated with hits was characterized by a widespread positivity between 300 and 700 msec relative to that for CRs. By contrast, the analysis of ERPs to old and new items that were judged ``old' ' (hits and false alarms [FAs], respectively) revealed a differential effect of valence by 300 msec: Neutral items showed a large old/new difference over prefrontal sites, whereas negative items did not. These results are the first clear demonstration of response bias effects on ERPs linked to recognition memory. They are consistent with the idea that frontal cortex areas may be responsible for relaxing the retrieval criterion for negative stimuli so as to ensure that emotional events are not as easily ``missed' ' or forgotten as neutral events. &
Adaptive Changes Of Response Criterion In Recognition Memory
- Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
, 2003
"... d that retrieving episodic information (whether the words had been studied together) had a different time course than did retrieving semantic information (whether the words were related). This technique has also been applied to comparisons of the time course of recognitionversus lexical decision (Hi ..."
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Cited by 22 (5 self)
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d that retrieving episodic information (whether the words had been studied together) had a different time course than did retrieving semantic information (whether the words were related). This technique has also been applied to comparisons of the time course of recognitionversus lexical decision (Hintzman & Curran,1997), recognitionversus modalityjudgment(Hintzman & Caulton, 1997; McElree, Dolan, & Jacoby, 1999), item recognition versus associative recognition(Gronlund & Ratcliff, 1989; Ratcliff & McKoon, 1989), and item recognitionversus list discrimination(Hintzman, Caulton, & Levitin, 1998; Rotello & Heit, 2000). Taken together, experiments with the response signal technique have used a variety of statistical measures of recognition memory performance. Virtually all the experiments have reported a combinationof raw scores (hit rates and false alarms) and derived scores (such as d ). In general, we support the idea of using multiple measures of performance, targeting different aspec
Differential Effects of List Strength on Recollection and Familiarity
"... The Complementary Learning Systems model of recognition (Norman & O'Reilly, 2001) predicts that increasing list strength (i.e., strengthening the memory traces associated with some studied items) should impair recognition of non-strengthened studied items when discrimination is based on rec ..."
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Cited by 20 (6 self)
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The Complementary Learning Systems model of recognition (Norman & O'Reilly, 2001) predicts that increasing list strength (i.e., strengthening the memory traces associated with some studied items) should impair recognition of non-strengthened studied items when discrimination is based on recollection, but not when discrimination is based on familiarity. This finding implies that the magnitude of the list strength effect (LSE) for recognition sensitivity will depend on the extent to which participants are relying on recollection vs. familiarity. In the experiments reported here, we isolated the contribution of recollection to recognition performance in three different ways: by collecting self-report measures of recollection and familiarity (Experiments 1 and 2); by focusing on high-confidence responses (Experiments 2 and 3); and by using related lures at test (Experiment 3). In all three experiments, we found a significant LSE for measures of recognition sensitivity that isolate the cont...
Has the butcher on the bus dyed his hair? When color changes modulate ERP correlates of familiarity and recollection.
- Neuroimage.
, 2006
"... Recognition memory is usually thought of as comprising two distinct memory processes, namely familiarity and recollection. This distinction is reflected in specific event-related potential (ERP) components associated with both subprocesses. A mid-frontal attenuated negativity for correctly recogniz ..."
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Cited by 17 (1 self)
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Recognition memory is usually thought of as comprising two distinct memory processes, namely familiarity and recollection. This distinction is reflected in specific event-related potential (ERP) components associated with both subprocesses. A mid-frontal attenuated negativity for correctly recognized old items relative to new ones around 400 ms has been typically linked to familiarity, whereas a parietally accentuated, more pronounced positivity for old items from 500 to 800 ms has been connected with recollection. Recently, this classification has been challenged by relating the mid-frontal old/new effect to conceptual priming mechanisms. Moreover, the perceptual sensitivity of both old/ new effects is still under debate. The present study used a recognition memory task for visual objects and nonsense figures in order to investigate the functional significance of both ERP old/new effects. With respect to study presentation, all items were either presented in a perceptually identical or a color-modified version at test. Old nonsense figures, despite being meaningless, elicited a reliable mid-frontal old/ new effect, thereby strongly suggesting a close relationship to familiarity processes rather than conceptual priming. Additionally, both the mid-frontal and the parietal old/new effect for real objects were graded with respect to the perceptual similarity between study and test. We argue that not only recollection, but also familiarity processes can provide information about perceptual atttributes, which is used in the course of recognition memory decisions. D
Intact recollection memory in high-performing older adults: ERP and behavioral evidence
- Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
, 2006
"... & Numerous behavioral studies have suggested that normal aging has deleterious effects on episodic memory and that rec-ollection is disproportionately impaired relative to familiarity-based recognition. However, there is a wide degree of variability in memory performance within the aging populat ..."
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Cited by 14 (3 self)
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& Numerous behavioral studies have suggested that normal aging has deleterious effects on episodic memory and that rec-ollection is disproportionately impaired relative to familiarity-based recognition. However, there is a wide degree of variability in memory performance within the aging population and this generalization may not apply to all elderly adults. Here we investigated these issues by using event-related potentials (ERPs) to measure the effects of aging on the neural correlates of recollection and familiarity in older adults with recognition memory performance that was equivalent to (old-high) or lower than (old-low) that of young adults. Results showed that, behaviorally, old-high subjects exhibited intact recollection but reduced familiarity, whereas old-low subjects had impairments in both recollection and familiarity, relative to the young. Consistent with behavioral results, old-high subjects exhibited ERP correlates of recollection that were topographically simi-lar to those observed in young subjects. However, unlike the young adults, old-high subjects did not demonstrate any neural correlates of familiarity-based recognition. In contrast to the old-high group, the old-low group exhibited neural correlates of recollection that were topographically distinct from those of the young. Our results suggest that the effects of aging on the underlying brain processes related to recollection and familiarity are dependent on individual memory performance and highlight the importance of examining performance variability in normal aging. &
Conflict and criterion setting in recognition memory
- J. Exper. Psychology: Learn., Mem. Cogn
, 2007
"... Recognition memory requires both retrieval processes and control processes such as criterion setting. Decision criteria were manipulated by offering different payoffs for correct “old ” versus “new ” re-sponses. Criterion setting influenced the following late-occurring (1,000 ms), conflict-sensitiv ..."
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Cited by 13 (3 self)
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Recognition memory requires both retrieval processes and control processes such as criterion setting. Decision criteria were manipulated by offering different payoffs for correct “old ” versus “new ” re-sponses. Criterion setting influenced the following late-occurring (1,000 ms), conflict-sensitive event-related brain potential (ERP) components: the stimulus-locked late posterior negativity (LPN) and the response-locked error-related negativity (ERN). The LPN–ERN were most negative to hits under conservative payoff conditions involving conflict between the correct old response and the payoff for new responses. This same conservative–hit condition was most frequently associated with response reversals when fast initial judgments were followed by slower judgments. Postresponse ERP activity may index conflict-sensitive processes underlying postretrieval cognitive control mechanisms involved with assessing responses to current items and updating response criteria on later trials.
