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Deconstructing the construct: a network perspective on psychological phenomena. New Ideas Psychol. 31, 43–53. doi: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2011.02.007
- Comput. Econ
, 2013
"... a b s t r a c t In psychological measurement, two interpretations of measurement systems have been developed: the reflective interpretation, in which the measured attribute is conceptualized as the common cause of the observables, and the formative interpretation, in which the measured attribute is ..."
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Cited by 6 (2 self)
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a b s t r a c t In psychological measurement, two interpretations of measurement systems have been developed: the reflective interpretation, in which the measured attribute is conceptualized as the common cause of the observables, and the formative interpretation, in which the measured attribute is seen as the common effect of the observables. We advocate a third interpretation, in which attributes are conceptualized as systems of causally coupled (observable) variables. In such a view, a construct like 'depression' is not seen as a latent variable that underlies symptoms like 'lack of sleep' or 'fatigue', and neither as a composite constructed out of these symptoms, but as a system of causal relations between the symptoms themselves (e.g., lack of sleep / fatigue, etc.). We discuss methodological strategies to investigate such systems as well as theoretical consequences that bear on the question in which sense such a construct could be interpreted as real. Ó 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Current theorizing and research in psychology is dominated by two conceptualizations of the relationship between psychological attributes (e.g., 'neuroticism') and observable variables (e.g., 'worries about things going wrong '; In the present paper, we argue that the dichotomy of reflective/formative models does not exhaust the possibilities that can be used to connect psychological attributes and observable variables. We advocate an alternative conceptualization, in which psychological attributes are conceptualized as networks of directly related observables. We discuss the possibilities that this addition to the psychometric arsenal offers, the inferential techniques that it allows for, and the consequences it has for the ontology of psychopathological constructs and the epistemic status of validation strategies. The structure of this paper is as follows. First, we discuss the ideas that underlie reflective and formative models. Second, we highlight important problems that the models face. Third, we discuss the network approach. Fourth, we touch on the ramifications that this approach has in the context of validity theory. 1. Reflective and formative models Reflective models In reflective models, observed indicators (e.g., item or subtest scores) are modeled as a function of a common latent variable (i.e., unobserved) and item-specific error
. Operationalizing Multidimensional Constructs in Structural Equation Modeling: Recommendations for IS Research
"... Although scholars have provided advice regarding how to conceptualize multidimensional constructs, less attention has been directed on how to evaluate structural equation models that include multidimensional constructs. Further, the extant information systems literature has provided little, and some ..."
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Although scholars have provided advice regarding how to conceptualize multidimensional constructs, less attention has been directed on how to evaluate structural equation models that include multidimensional constructs. Further, the extant information systems literature has provided little, and sometimes contradictory, direction on how to operationalize multidimensional constructs. This gap in how we approach multidimensional constructs merits attention because: (1) establishing construct validity is critical to testing theory and (2) recent advances in software enable testing models with multidimensional constructs more readily. Therefore, this tutorial (1) describes different forms of multidimensional constructs and (2) illustrates how to integrate superordinate and aggregate multidimensional constructs in structural equation models. In doing so, we offer guidelines and examples for how to
Feature Topic: Statistical and Methodological Myths and Urban Legends: Part II More Statistical and Methodological Myths and Urban
"... The study of urban legends represents the application of concepts developed in the academic study of traditional folktales to stories circulating in the modern world. Vandenberg adapted the notion of ‘‘urban legends’ ’ into the area of organizational research methods and coined the term statistical ..."
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The study of urban legends represents the application of concepts developed in the academic study of traditional folktales to stories circulating in the modern world. Vandenberg adapted the notion of ‘‘urban legends’ ’ into the area of organizational research methods and coined the term statistical and methodological myths and urban legends (SMMULs) to refer to the collection of various rules of thumb and other ‘‘received doctrines’ ’ that often guide researchers ’ scientific behavior. Various SMMULs have been examined over 7 years in a number of symposia at scientific conferences, in a previous Feature Topic in Organizational Research Methods (2006), and in an edited book. This Feature Topic continues this tradition by presenting five new SMMULs.
The Relationship Between Tenure and Outside Director Task Involvement: A Social Identity Perspective
"... Drawing from corporate governance research and social identity theory, the authors argue that the relationship between outside directors ’ time in office and outside director task involvement is more complex than generally anticipated. By using a unique multisource data set composed of peer ratings ..."
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Drawing from corporate governance research and social identity theory, the authors argue that the relationship between outside directors ’ time in office and outside director task involvement is more complex than generally anticipated. By using a unique multisource data set composed of peer ratings provided by fellow outside directors rating a focal director’s task involvement, this study analyzes director task involvement at the individual director level of analysis. The authors propose and empirically demonstrate that outside director tenure has an inverted U-shaped relationship with outside director task involvement that is moderated by a director’s social iden-tification with the organization. As such, the authors demonstrate that social identification with the organization provides a critical contingency for the curvilinear relationship between outside director tenure and outside director task involvement. Findings suggest that outside directors who socially identify with the organization are more likely to grow “stale in the saddle ” at lower levels of tenure. These findings provide support for the merit of analyzing outside directors at the individual level of analysis and suggest that a “one-size-fits-all ” approach may not be most appropriate in assessing the effects of tenure on outside director functioning. Acknowledgments: We are grateful to Associate Editor Sucheta Nadkarni and two anonymous JOM reviewers for
CONTENTS
"... ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam op gezag van Rector Magnificus Prof. dr. D.C. van den Boom ten overstaan van een door het college voor promoties ingestelde commissie, in het openbaar te verdedigen in de Agnietenkapel op dinsdag 24 januari 2012, te 12:00 uur ..."
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ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam op gezag van Rector Magnificus Prof. dr. D.C. van den Boom ten overstaan van een door het college voor promoties ingestelde commissie, in het openbaar te verdedigen in de Agnietenkapel op dinsdag 24 januari 2012, te 12:00 uur door
1BTHE NATURE OF NURTURE: THE ROLE OF GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERPLAY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLIGENCE
, 2012
"... Copyright It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other then for strictly personal, individual use. ..."
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Copyright It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other then for strictly personal, individual use.
Original Article
"... Gastric ulcer healing after treatment of endoscopic submucosal dissection in Japanese: comparison of H2 receptor antagonist and proton pump inhibitor administration ..."
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Gastric ulcer healing after treatment of endoscopic submucosal dissection in Japanese: comparison of H2 receptor antagonist and proton pump inhibitor administration
1 A THEORY BUILDING STUDY OF ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE PRACTICES AND BENEFITS
"... Abstract. Academics and practitioners have made various claims regarding the benefits that Enterprise Architecture (EA) delivers for both individual projects and the organization as a whole. At the same time, there is a lack of explanatory theory regarding how EA delivers these benefits. Moreover, E ..."
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Abstract. Academics and practitioners have made various claims regarding the benefits that Enterprise Architecture (EA) delivers for both individual projects and the organization as a whole. At the same time, there is a lack of explanatory theory regarding how EA delivers these benefits. Moreover, EA practices and benefits have not been extensively investigated by empirical research, with especially quantitative studies on the topic being few and far between. This paper therefore presents the statistical findings of a theory-building survey study (n=293). The resulting PLS model is a synthesis of current implicit and fragmented theory, and shows how EA practices and intermediate benefits jointly work to help the organization reap benefits for both the organization and its projects. The model shows that EA and EA practices do not deliver benefits directly, but operate through intermediate results, most notably compliance with EA and architectural insight. Furthermore, the research identifies the EA practices that have a major impact on these results, the most important being compliance assessments, management propagation of EA, and different types of knowledge exchange. The results also demonstrate that projects play an important role in obtaining benefits from EA, but that they generally benefit less than the organization as a whole.
