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Contribution of Primary Care to Health Systems and Health 499

by Barbara Starfield, Leiyu Shi, James Macinko, B. Starfield, L. Shi, J. Macinko
"... Evidence of the health-promoting influence of primary care has been accumu-lating ever since researchers have been able to distinguish primary care from other aspects of the health services delivery system. This evidence shows that primary care helps prevent illness and death, regardless of whether ..."
Abstract - Cited by 361 (16 self) - Add to MetaCart
outcomes, population health. The term PRIMARY CARE is thought to date back to about1920, when the Dawson Report was released in the UnitedKingdom. That report, an official “white paper, ” mentioned “primary health care centres, ” intended to become the hub of region-alized services in that country

Labor Contracts as Partial Gift Exchange

by George A. Akerlof - Quarterly Journal of Economics , 1982
"... This paper explains involuntary unemployment in terms of the response of firms to workers ' group behavior. Workers ' effort depends upon the norms determining a fair day's work. In order to affect those norms, firms may pay more than the market-clearing wage. Industries that pay cons ..."
Abstract - Cited by 780 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper explains involuntary unemployment in terms of the response of firms to workers ' group behavior. Workers ' effort depends upon the norms determining a fair day's work. In order to affect those norms, firms may pay more than the market-clearing wage. Industries that pay

Numerical Solutions of the Euler Equations by Finite Volume Methods Using Runge-Kutta Time-Stepping Schemes

by Antony Jameson, Wolfgang Schmidt, Eli Turkel , 1981
"... A new combination of a finite volume discretization in conjunction with carefully designed dissipative terms of third order, and a Runge Kutta time stepping scheme, is shown to yield an effective method for solving the Euler equations in arbitrary geometric domains. The method has been used to deter ..."
Abstract - Cited by 517 (78 self) - Add to MetaCart
A new combination of a finite volume discretization in conjunction with carefully designed dissipative terms of third order, and a Runge Kutta time stepping scheme, is shown to yield an effective method for solving the Euler equations in arbitrary geometric domains. The method has been used

Constraint Logic Programming: A Survey

by Joxan Jaffar, Michael J. Maher
"... Constraint Logic Programming (CLP) is a merger of two declarative paradigms: constraint solving and logic programming. Although a relatively new field, CLP has progressed in several quite different directions. In particular, the early fundamental concepts have been adapted to better serve in differe ..."
Abstract - Cited by 869 (25 self) - Add to MetaCart
in different areas of applications. In this survey of CLP, a primary goal is to give a systematic description of the major trends in terms of common fundamental concepts. The three main parts cover the theory, implementation issues, and programming for applications.

The FERET evaluation methodology for face recognition algorithms

by P. Jonathon Phillips, Hyeonjoon Moon, Syed A. Rizvi, Patrick J. Rauss - In (a) Example 1 (b) Example 1 (c) Right ear) (d) Mirroed Left ear
"... AbstractÐTwo of the most critical requirements in support of producing reliable face-recognition systems are a large database of facial images and a testing procedure to evaluate systems. The Face Recognition Technology (FERET) program has addressed both issues through the FERET database of facial i ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1116 (26 self) - Add to MetaCart
-recognition tests. The primary objectives of the third test were to 1) assess the state of the art, 2) identify future areas of research, and 3) measure algorithm performance. Index TermsÐFace recognition, algorithm evaluation, FERET database. 1

Statistical pattern recognition: A review

by Anil K. Jain, Robert P. W. Duin, Jianchang Mao - IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE , 2000
"... The primary goal of pattern recognition is supervised or unsupervised classification. Among the various frameworks in which pattern recognition has been traditionally formulated, the statistical approach has been most intensively studied and used in practice. More recently, neural network techniques ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1035 (30 self) - Add to MetaCart
The primary goal of pattern recognition is supervised or unsupervised classification. Among the various frameworks in which pattern recognition has been traditionally formulated, the statistical approach has been most intensively studied and used in practice. More recently, neural network

The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations

by Reuben M. Baron, David A. Kenny - Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 1986
"... In this article, we attempt to distinguish between the properties of moderator and mediator variables at a number of levels. First, we seek to make theorists and researchers aware of the importance of not using the terms moderator and mediator interchangeably by carefully elaborating, both conceptua ..."
Abstract - Cited by 5736 (8 self) - Add to MetaCart
In this article, we attempt to distinguish between the properties of moderator and mediator variables at a number of levels. First, we seek to make theorists and researchers aware of the importance of not using the terms moderator and mediator interchangeably by carefully elaborating, both

The Concept of a Linguistic Variable and its Application to Approximate Reasoning

by L. A. Zadeh - Journal of Information Science , 1975
"... By a linguistic variable we mean a variable whose values are words or sentences in a natural or artificial language. I:or example, Age is a linguistic variable if its values are linguistic rather than numerical, i.e., young, not young, very young, quite young, old, not very oldand not very young, et ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1430 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
its compatibility with X. Thus, the COItIpdtibiiity of age 27 with young might be 0.7, while that of 35 might be 0.2. The function of the semantic rule is to relate the compdtibihties of the so-called primary terms in a composite linguistic value-e.g.,.young and old in not very young and not very old

Dictionary of protein secondary structure: pattern recognition of hydrogen-bonded and geometrical features

by Wolfgang Kabsch, Christian Sander , 1983
"... For a successful analysis of the relation between amino acid sequence and protein structure, an unambiguous and physically meaningful definition of secondary structure is essential. We have developed a set of simple and physically motivated criteria for secondary structure, programmed as a pattern-r ..."
Abstract - Cited by 2096 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
. ” Geometric structure is defined in terms of the concepts torsion and curvature of differential geometry. Local chain “chirality ” is the torsional handedness of four consecutive Ca positions and is positive for right-handed helices and negative for ideal twisted @-sheets. Curved pieces are defined as “bends

Calibrating noise to sensitivity in private data analysis

by Cynthia Dwork, Frank Mcsherry, Kobbi Nissim, Adam Smith - In Proceedings of the 3rd Theory of Cryptography Conference , 2006
"... Abstract. We continue a line of research initiated in [10, 11] on privacypreserving statistical databases. Consider a trusted server that holds a database of sensitive information. Given a query function f mapping databases to reals, the so-called true answer is the result of applying f to the datab ..."
Abstract - Cited by 649 (60 self) - Add to MetaCart
to the database. To protect privacy, the true answer is perturbed by the addition of random noise generated according to a carefully chosen distribution, and this response, the true answer plus noise, is returned to the user. Previous work focused on the case of noisy sums, in which f =P i g(xi), where xi denotes
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