havioral scientists to psychosomatic medi-cine have been exhaustively reviewed. Alex-ander reports from the viewpoint of the dynamic psychiatrist, Mirsky from the posi-tion of the experimenter, Grinker from the standpoint of the clinical researcher, and Wittkower and Cleghorn discuss the socio

The acceptance of a sector of the public of the concepts of psychosomatic medicine has brought with it the emergence of certain mystical feelings about the body and the forces that affect it for good or evil. The author has found that many seriously af-flicted persons find solace and false hope

ONE of the basic tenets of psychosomatic medi-cine is that long continued emotional stress can produce widespread somatic changes. Prob-ably'the most insidious form of emotional stress is that which issues from unconscious conflict, since the individual, unaware of the cause of his diffi

"PSYCHOSOMATIC medicine no longer needs an apology. It has passed that stage. One may consider the acceptance of this fact as the first phase of the problem. The second phase which we are now entering consists of the task of teaching this new discipline to students and to those physicians who

Objective: The objective of this article is to assess the relevance of psychodynamic observations and theory for psychosomatic medicine. Methods: The evolution of the psychodynamic formulation of psychosomatic symptom formation is described in a brief historical review. Results: There are two

and to determine treatment effectiveness and its predictors. In a total of 37.052 consecutive patients treated in 17 psychosomatic clinics, patients and therapists were queried independently before and after therapy. The main outcome measure was the reduction of the Global Severity Index (GSI) of the SCL-90-R

Qualitative research approaches appear to be promising in providing insight into interventions in music therapy that are determined by all participants ’ subjectivity, intuition, and wholeness. Using the procedure of triangulation (pa tient, therapist, independent describers), this article illus trates an interactive method of analyzing music therapy that is consistent with the treatment. The starting point is the concept of the resonator function that describes all par ticipants ’ capacity to perceive the elements of the improvi sation that are emotional and that characterize the patient’s relationships. Then, from the musical notations and the descriptive accounts provided by the participants, induc tive qualities and motifs are compared to the clinical case study. In this research process, methodological results from qualitative social research can be helpful. What really takes place when music therapy goes on? What is specific to music therapy? What are the conditions and factors that make music therapy effective? In order to answer these questions, methods must be developed that meet the specific requirements of clinical practice. The therapeutic processes within music ther apy are determined by highly subjective factors in the very inti mate sphere of joint music-making. Investigating such processes

1 SYCHOTHERAPY of patients who are suffering from organic diseases is not differ-ent from the psychotherapy of psychoneuro-ses. Its special feature is that it must be meaningfully integrated with the somatic treatment. A bleeding ulcer, an acute attack of ulcerative colitis, or asthma require im-mediate medical attention. Psychotherapy during such acute phases of the disease must restrict itself to the general management of the patient. Etiologically oriented long-term psychotherapy can take place only when the acute local disease process is successfully brought under control. Consequently, the comprehensive treatment of organic diseases in which emotional factors are significant consists of teamwork between medical spe-cialists, the psychiatrist, and the nursing staff. At present this is, however, still a pla-tonic ideal. Ideal collaboration between medical specialists and psychiatrists would require on the part of the organicists an un-derstanding of the psychological compo-nents of chronic diseases, and on the part of the psychiatrist, an understanding of their organic implications. Mutual respect for each other's contributions, which is so essen-tial in teamwork, can only accrue from mu-tual understanding. To my knowledge, this type of ideal collaboration based on mutual understanding of and respect for each oth-er's specialized knowledge exists only spo-radically in a limited number of medical centers. That it exists at all in some places This paper was delivered at the International

Perceived stress at transition to workplace: a qualitative interview study exploring final-year medical students ’ needs Tobias r Moczko1,2,* Till J Bugaj1,* Wolfgang herzog1 christoph nikendei1 1Department for general internal and

. Methods: This review focuses on human psychoneuroimmunology studies published since 1939, particularly those that have appeared in Psychosomatic Medicine. Studies were clustered according to key themes, including stressor duration and characteristics (laboratory stressors, time-limited naturalistic