"... In PAGE 26: ...Finally, Table10 shows that substitution between bilateral net flows and ODA debt forgiveness occurred during 1989-93 for all the countries except those in the middle group. In particular, for the low group $1 of ODA debt relief was matched with a decrease of about $1 in new bilateral net transfers, although this drop was offset by an increase in private net transfers of about the same amount (not reported in the table).... ..."

"... In PAGE 26: ...20 Thus, if multilateral development financing is not significantly expanded, its role as a counter-cyclical device will necessarily be very limited, and it should certainly be of secondary importance relative to its first two roles, particularly the provision of long-term development financing to poor countries. This is underscored by the data from Table2 , which indicate that multilateral financing in 1992-1997 represented only 13% of that provided by the private sector, excluding FDI, and only 6% in the case of middle-income countries. Thus, a useful counter-cyclical function would certainly require a significant increase in resources.... ..."

"... In PAGE 21: ... All the relevant results are presented in Table 7. One major conclusion emerges from the analysis of Table7 : Over the past decade and on an incremental basis, bilateral lenders have partially substituted total grants for new lending for countries that have not received significant amounts of ODA debt forgiveness. However, this substitution has been offset by larger net debt flows from multilateral sources (partially for the countries in the middle group and more than fully for the countries in the low group).... In PAGE 23: ... Indeed, a negative correlation exists between total grants and new bilateral lending for all counties except those in the high group. Furthermore, the high group also seems to be marginally favored by private lenders; Table7 reports that there is a marginal statistically significant positive correlation (although unstable) between private net transfers and total grants for the high group ($1 of additional grants was accompanied by an inflow of about $0. 17 from private creditors during 1984-88 and $0.... In PAGE 25: ...427) Note: t-statistics are in parentheses. *: Significant at 10 percent on one-tail test **: Significant at 5 percent on one-tail test The results in Table 9, when compared with those in Table7 , show that for the high group total grants are more significantly and positively correlated to multilateral net lending than pure grants, especially during 1989-93 ($0.06 per $1 of additional grants, with a marginal significance level-one-tail--of 9 percent; see Table 7, last column).... In PAGE 25: ... *: Significant at 10 percent on one-tail test **: Significant at 5 percent on one-tail test The results in Table 9, when compared with those in Table 7, show that for the high group total grants are more significantly and positively correlated to multilateral net lending than pure grants, especially during 1989-93 ($0.06 per $1 of additional grants, with a marginal significance level-one-tail--of 9 percent; see Table7 , last column). This result is consistent with the hypothesis posed above, that as the debt burden is lessened by ODA debt forgiveness by bilateral donors, multilateral net flows tend to increase (either through increases in disbursements or decreases in repayments).... ..."

"... In PAGE 17: ... We can, however, identify several forms that are currently in use: bilateral, multilateral, or trilateral governance, with a private17 or public third party (cf. Table1 ). 17 Another case, also exceptional, is that of gas and electricity in Germany.... ..."

"... In PAGE 37: ....S. contribution has been compensated by an increase in aid from quot;new donors, quot; most significantly the Nordic countries and the Netherlands. Despite the raise in the total flow of aid, however, the volume of aid measured as percentage of GNP has not changed dramatically (see Table1 ). Nor did the OECD succeed in its goal of promoting quot;equitable burden sharing quot; and national convergence with the 0.... In PAGE 37: ...7% of GNP target. [ Table1 and Figure 5 about here] There are persistent differences in the performance of OECD countries with respect to compliance with the target of 0.7%.... In PAGE 37: ... Since the 1970s, only four DAC countries -- Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden -- consistently comply and surpass the 0.7 percent target ( Table1 ). Fig.... ..."

"... In PAGE 6: ...able 2: E-Government Nomenclature .......................................... 20 Table3 : ICT Donors .... In PAGE 46: ...Information and Communication Technology for Development in the Pacific ICT Donors Table3 lists some of the donor institutions that have a presence in the Pacific. In their development programs, they consider ICT an important ingredients in improving living conditions in the region.... In PAGE 47: ...43 Cont. Table3 : ICT Donors Acronym Organization/Location Website Address UNESCAP UN Economic and Social http://www.unescap.... ..."

"... In PAGE 4: ... The bilateral collab- oration ID is combined from the two partial ones to prevent a service to send an accept message, which has not been initiated via a connect message from the corresponding ser- vice. Table2 provides for each party the bilateral collabora- tion IDs in accordance with the different roles. However, the bilateral collaboration IDs are represented as a tuple containing the service name for better readability like for example (A1; B1) being equivalent to (B1; A1).... ..."