We present two constructions of Toeplitz sequences with an intermediate complexity function by using the generalized Oxtoby sequence. In the first one, we use the blocks from the infinite sequence, which has entropy dimension 1 2. The second construction provides the Toeplitz sequences which have

⋅ thermohaline circulation, ⋅ interaction, ⋅ climate model, ⋅ intermediate complexity.

Investigating the dynamic behavior of the Earth system remains a “grand challenge ” for the sci-entific community. It is motivated by our limited knowledge about the consequences of large-scale perturbations of the Earth system by human activities, such as fossil-fuel combus-tion or the fragmentation of terrestrial vegetation cover. Will the system behave resilient with respect to such disturbances, or could it be driven towards qualitatively new modes of planetary operation? This question cannot be answered, however, without prior analysis of how the unperturbed Earth system behaves and evolves in the absence of human influence. Such an analysis should, for example, provide answers to questions concerning the amplification of Milankovich forcing to glaciation episodes or the mechanisms behind the Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations. But also more general questions may be addressed: Does life on Earth subsist due to an accidental and fragile balance between the abiotic world (the geosphere) and a biosphere that has emerged by chance? Or are there self-stabilizing feedback mechanisms at work as proposed by the GAIA theory? And, if the latter theory is valid, what is the role of humanity in GAIA’s universe? Towards a Definition of the Earth System and Earth System Models

Primates have a remarkable ability to interpret complex scenes in real time, despite the limited speed of the neuronal hardware available for such tasks. Intermediate and higher visual processes appear to select a subset of the available sensory information before further processing [1], most likely

this concept to its logical extreme by using interpolated images to portray three-dimensional scenes. The special-effects technique of morphing, which combines interpolation of texture maps and their shape, is applied to computing arbitrary intermediate frames from an array of prestored images. If the images

In this paper we present an efficient image based rendering system that renders multiple frames per second on a PC. Our method performs warping from an intermediate representation called a layered depth image (LDI). An LDI is a view of the scene from a single input camera view, but with multiple

Abstract. Humans can recognize biological motion from strongly impoverished stimuli, like point-light displays. Although the neural mechanism underlying this robust perceptual process have not yet been clarified, one possible explanation is that the visual system extracts specific motion features that are suitable for the robust recognition of both normal and degraded stimuli. We present a neural model for biological motion recognition that learns robust mid-level motion features in an unsupervised way using a neurally plausible memory-trace learning rule. Optimal mid-level features were learnt from image motion sequences containing a walker with, or without background motion clutter. After learning of the motion features, the detection performance of the model substantially increases, in particular in presence of clutter. The learned mid-level motion features are characterized by horizontal opponent motion, where this feature type arises more frequently for the training stimuli without motion clutter. The learned features are consistent with recent psychophysical data that indicates that opponent motion might be critical for the detection of point light walkers. 1

for speeding-up the off-line rendering of complex scenes. Unfortunately, generating these levels of detail is a time-consuming task usually left to a human modeler. This paper shows how a new set of vertices can be distributed over the surface of a model and connected to one another to create a re-tiling of a

of those weights which are associated to satisfied formulas. The general case is intractable, and natural restrictions of the lan-guages tend either to leave the complexity unchanged or to reduce it to triviality. After proposing a revision of the deci-sion problem considered in existing research, we use a

Mechanism of dinitrogen reduction in protic media is discussed in the light of results obtained for specially prepared binuclear complexes M"M with bridging dinitrogen capable to be protonated and reduced. The conclusion is made that such complexes with d2 or d3 electronic configuration of M