A. ADOUTTE/Orsay (France) CH. F. BARDELE/Tübingen (West Germany) J. BOUIX/Montpellier (France) G. BRUGEROLLE/Clermont-Ferrand (France) E. U. CANNING/Ascot (Great Britain) G. CLEFFMANN/Gießen (West Germany) I. DESPORTES/Paris (France) J. F. DUBREMETZ/Villeneuve d'Ascq (France) J. FEBVRE

Abstract There is a great deal of frustration regarding the lack of progress on intellectual property rights (IPR) protection in China. This article leverages the historical episode in most of the 19 th century during which the United States was the leading IPR violator. Great Britain

The development of an approach to assess critical loads of acidity for woodland habitats in Great Britain

Industrial relations are in flux in many nations, perhaps most notably in Germany and Britain. That said, comparatively little is known in any detail of the changing pattern of the institutions of collective bargaining and worker representation in Germany and still less in both countries about firm

Charitable bequests are a major source of income for charities. But surprisingly little is known in Britain about them. We review the small British and larger US literatures and then consider how best to model the decision to make a charitable bequest. We identify three stages: making a will

continuum from recognition alone to a pre-entry closed shop. This paper was produced under the 'Future of Trade Unions in Modern Britain ' Programme supported by the Leverhulme Trust. The Centre for Economic Performance acknowledges with

Most attempts at automatic segmentation of liver from computerised tomography images to date have relied on low-level segmentation techniques, such as thresholding and mathematical morphology, to obtain the basic liver structure. The derived boundary can then be smoothed or refined using more advanced methods. In this paper we present a method by which a topology adaptive active contour model, or snake, accurately segments liver tissue from CT images. The use of conventional snakes for liver segmentation is difficult due to the presence of other organs closely surrounding the liver. Our technique avoids this problem by adding an inflationary force to the basic snake equation, and initialising the snake inside the liver. Once the user has initialised the snake for one CT slice, the starting locations for other slices in a dataset are determined automatically from the center of gravity of the segmented area of previous slice. We present results from over 500 images, covering 4 different healthy datasets, and each liver slice is segmented in 2D before being compared to the equivalent segmentation performed by hand. Statistical analysis of the datasets shows that, in each case, there is no significant difference between the areas and the snake-segmented liver to the areas of hand segmented liver, here treated as the gold standard.

in the early 1990s. The few international comparisons available seem to show some slippage in the position of Britain's 9-year-olds between the 1970s and the 1990s, and a "trailing edge " of underachievement. Very few school-leavers and adults can be described as illiterate, but a significant

-collar employees. JEL classification: J51 Key words: Trade union objectives and structures, organising effectiveness This paper was produced under the ‘Future of Trade Unions in Modern Britain ’ Programme supported by the Leverhulme Trust. The Centre for Economic Performance acknowledges with

We present a new class of black hole solutions in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity in n ≥ 4 dimensions. These solutions have regular horizons and a singularity only at the origin. Their asymptotic behavior is neither asymptotically flat nor (anti-) de Sitter. Similar solutions exist for certain Liouville-type potentials for the dilaton.