Background: Primary prevention status and goals in 2010 are promoting healthy weight and eating habits and dietary ma-nipulation considered in all reports to be the cornerstone of prevention and management of chronic diseases. Since in de-veloping countries physicians are in the front line of responding patients ’ questions regarding their diet, we decided to evaluate their necessary nutritional knowledge for accomplishing this mission and to identify consideration for improving the paucity of nutrition education and the nutrition literacy in medical training program, we did the same education in medi-cal students. Methods: Applied nutritional knowledge of 150 general, specialist and sub specialist physicians and 202 medical students was evaluated by structured self administrative questionnaire. Eighteen questions which could be self completed in less than 5 minutes were filled by each subject. Results: The percentage of physicians who gave dietary recommendations to their patients was 73 % but the mean correct responds to questions were 3.73±2.15 and 5.87±2.14 out of 14 questions in physicians and medical students respectively. Conclusions: Our data show deficient applied nutritional knowledge of physicians is one of the main problems of hospital malnutrition. As the same results were shown in medical students, this can not be due to forgetting what was learned but can be related to the quality of nutrition training.

is now called the genetic algorithm (GA). The genetic algorithm attempts to find a good (or best) solution to the problem by genetically breeding a population of individuals over a series of generations. In the genetic algorithm, each individual in the population represents a candidate solut

set of candidate p-cycles to be precomputed. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to compute a small set of candidate p-cycles that can lead to good performance when used by ILP or the heuristic algorithm. The key idea of the algorithm is to generate a combination of high efficiency cycles and short

fully visible to the person running the simulation: it displays the network graphics, animates the message flow and lets the user peek into objects and variables within the model. These features make OMNeT++ a good candidate for both research and educational purposes. The OMNeT++ simulation engine can

set of candidate pcycles to be precomputed. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to compute a small set of candidate p-cycles that can lead to good performance when used by ILP or the heuristic algorithm. The key idea of the algorithm is to generate a combination of high efficiency cycles and short

it is shown that the choice of this natural candidate implies restrictive assumptions on the plastic flow rule. As shown from experimental data obtained from a literature review, this choice may not be pertinent for certain classes of materials, particularly high plasticity clays. 1

One major question was whether odors are perceived by women and men in the same way or not. A strong evidence in the literature described a wide variation of olfactory sensitivity in women during menses. Several explanations were given to account for the variation, none of them convincing. Within the cycle, the greatest attention was posed only on the olfactory sensitivity increase during the follicular phase as an efficient odor-based mating strategy. Up to us, the attention should be posed also towards the mechanism of worsening of the sensitivity during bleeding days. In this cycle phase, malodorous discharges through body fluids, e.g. trimethyl-aminuria, are maximal. Thus, olfactory threshold regulation across the cycle might represent either a physiological mechanism to search sexual partner and a defensive mechanism to avoid a possible self-refusal. Testosterone and estradiol might be pri-marily responsible for this complex regulation. The fluctuation of olfactory thresh-

Abstract. In this paper we present a 2 transmit 1 receive (1 Tx: 1 Rx) adaptive spatial mode (ASM) of space-time (ST) and space-frequency (SF) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). At low signal to noise ratio (SNR) we employ ST-OFDM and switch to SF-OFDM at a certain SNR threshold. We determine this threshold from the intersection of individual performance curves. Results show a gain of 9 dB (at a bit error rate of 10-3) is achieved by employing adaptive spatial mode compared to a fixed ST-OFDM, almost 6 dB to fixed SF-OFDM, 4 dB to Coded ST-OFDM and 2 dB to a fixed coded SF-OFDM, at a delay spread of 700 ns. Key words: OFDM, space-time, space-frequency, channel coding and multipath fading channels. Abstrak. Dalam kertas kerja ini kami membentangkan skema mod ruang (ASM) adaptif 2 menghantar 1 menerima (2 Tx: 1 Rx) menggunakan kaedah ruang-masa (ST) dan ruang-frekuensi (SF) multiplekskan pembahagian frekuensi ortogonal (OFDM). Pada nilai nisbah isyarat ke hingar yang rendah kami menggunakan ST-OFDM dan menukar kepada mod SF-OFDM pada nilai ambang yang telah ditentukan. Nilai ini ditentukan berdasarkan titik

to choose one among a set of preestimated candidate models; instead, we seamlessly integrate estimation and model selection in a single algorithm. Our technique can be applied to any type of parametric mixture model for which it is possible to write an EM algorithm; in this paper, we illustrate

properties of P2P traffic suggests that the P2P workload is a good candidate for being managed via application-specific layer-3 traffic engineering in an ISP’s network. Index Terms—File sharing, peer-to-peer, P2P, traffic characterization, traffic measurement.