motivates a new qualitative representation for quantity in terms of inequalities, called the quantity space. This paper describes the basic concepts of qualitative process theory, several different kinds of reasoning that can be performed with them, and discusses its implications for causal reasoning

the modeling approach in cases of dominant roughness, unsteady flow and distorted cross sectional shapes. The numerical stability conditions are revisited in cases of dominant friction terms and a new condition, complementary to the basic CFL condition, is proposed. Some test cases with measured data are used

Shallow water models are widely used to describe and study free-surface water flow. Even though, in many practical applications the bottom friction does not have much influence on the solutions, the friction terms will play a significant role when the depth of the water is very small. In this paper

This paper reports the results of total hip replacement by the ‘low-friction ” technique in 379 primary interventions with a follow-up of four to seven years. The early complications of a much larger group of 582 operations, including these cases, are also reported. The clinical material relates

The film profile which minimizes the coefficient of friction and the film profile which minimizes the total friction, force for a given load for a one-dimensional slider bearing are determined using a variational method. The lubricant is assumed to be incompressible and of constant viscosity

the marginal product of capital adjusted for capital gains and losses on that capital and the short-term interest rate. The friction measured in that way rose to an unprecedented level after the financial crisis that began in late 2008 and remained high four years later. Macro models show that overall economic

Abstract. We study the longtime behavior of the solutions of a second order autonomous differential equation, differing from the one of a harmonic oscilla-tor by a nonlinear friction term being only Hölder continuous. In particular, we show that there are two solution curves reaching the rest

Discrete vapour cavity model with efficient and accurate convolution type unsteady friction term

Comparison study of some finite volume and finite element methods for the shallow water equations with bottom topography and friction terms

We investigate the effect of friction on domain formation in disoriented chiral condensate. Including a friction term, we solve the equation of motion of the linear sigma model fields, in the Hartree approximation. With boostinvariance and cylinderical symmetry, irrespective of friction, on average