. Enterotypes were strongly associated with long-term diets, particularly protein and animal fat (Bacteroides) versus carbohydrates (Prevotella). A controlled-feeding study of 10 subjects showed that microbiome composition changed detectably within 24 hours of initiating a high-fat/low-fiber or low-fat/high-fiber

ABSTRACF The use ofdietary fiber (DF) in the diet ofdiabetics, although recommended, is often prevented by a limited tolerance and/or by the high cost and unpalatability of fiber supplements. Knowing that only or mainly the water soluble fraction of DF is effective in modulating postprandial

The content of ruminally fermented OM in the diet affects the fiber requirement of dairy cattle. Physi-cally effective fiber is the fraction of feed that stimu-lates chewing activity. Chewing, in turn, stimulates saliva secretion. Bicarbonate and phosphate buffers in saliva neutralize acids

Diets high in fiber or certain fiber fractions have been hypoth-esized to protect against breast cancer through mechanisms that include inhibition of intestinal reabsorption of estrogen ex-creted via the biliary system (1, 2), reduction in estrogen

An experimental study of carbon-isotope

ABSTRACT To determine whether concentrations of potentially toxic lipids in the aqueous phase of human stool are responsive to changes in dietary fat, calcium, and fiber, 20 male volunteers were placed on a high-fat, low-calcium, low-fiber or a low-fat, high-calcium, high-fiber diet for 4 days

and chromatin in addition to the structural nuclear constituents. In the first fractionation step, soluble proteins are removed by extraction with Triton X-100, and the dense nuclear lattice largely disappears. Chromatin and nonchromatin nuclear fibers are now sharply imaged. Nuclear constituents are further

The effects of homologous plasma HDL and VHDL fractions on established atherosclerotic lesions were studied in choles-terol-fed rabbits. Atherosclerosis was induced by feeding the animals a 0.5 % cholesterol-rich diet for 60 d (group 1). An-other group of animals were maintained on the same diet

processes, including mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration, hepatic gluconeogenesis, and muscle fiber-type switching. We show here that, while hepatocytes lacking PGC-1 � are defective in the program of hormone-stimulated gluconeogenesis, the mice have constitutively activated gluconeogenic gene

stool frequency, and stool weights of subjects consuming self-selected diets1