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Eye closure in darkness animates sensory systems

by Esther Marx, Thomas Stephan, Annina Nolte, Angela Deutschländer, Klaus C. Seelos, Marianne Dieterich, Thomas Brandt , 2003
"... Single subject and group analyses (n = 12) showed that the eyes-open and eyes-closed states in complete darkness considerably and consistently differ in the patterns of associated brain activation in fMRI. During nonchanging external stimulation, ocular motor and attentional systems were activated w ..."
Abstract - Cited by 5 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
Single subject and group analyses (n = 12) showed that the eyes-open and eyes-closed states in complete darkness considerably and consistently differ in the patterns of associated brain activation in fMRI. During nonchanging external stimulation, ocular motor and attentional systems were activated

Eye closure in darkness animates sensory systems

by Marianne Dieterich, Thomas Br , 2003
"... Single subject and group analyses (n � 12) showed that the eyes-open and eyes-closed states in complete darkness considerably and consistently differ in the patterns of associated brain activation in fMRI. During nonchanging external stimulation, ocular motor and attentional systems were activated w ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
Single subject and group analyses (n � 12) showed that the eyes-open and eyes-closed states in complete darkness considerably and consistently differ in the patterns of associated brain activation in fMRI. During nonchanging external stimulation, ocular motor and attentional systems were activated

Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation.

by S Ogawa , T M Lee , A R Kay , D W Tank - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , 1990
"... ABSTRACT Paramagnetic deoxyhemoglobin in venous blood is a naturally occurring contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). By accentuating the effects of this agent through the use of gradient-echo techniques in high fields, we demonstrate in vivo images of brain microvasculature with imag ..."
Abstract - Cited by 648 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
dispersion of water proton signals is produced at the echo time. This dispersion reduces the signal intensity and the voxel appears dark in the image. These intensity losses, which at high magnetic fields (-4 T) extend significantly beyond the boundary of the blood vessel, are the source of BOLD contrast

Critical periods of vulnerability for the developing nervous system: evidence from humans and animal models. Environ Health Perspect 108(suppl 3):511–533

by Deborah Rice, Stan Barone , 2000
"... Vulnerable periods during the development of the nervous system are sensitive to environmental insults because they are dependent on the temporal and regional emergence of critical developmental processes (i.e., proliferation, migration, differentiation, synaptogenesis, myelination, and apoptosis). ..."
Abstract - Cited by 188 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
Vulnerable periods during the development of the nervous system are sensitive to environmental insults because they are dependent on the temporal and regional emergence of critical developmental processes (i.e., proliferation, migration, differentiation, synaptogenesis, myelination, and apoptosis

Behavioral theories and the neurophysiology of reward,

by Wolfram Schultz - Annu. Rev. Psychol. , 2006
"... ■ Abstract The functions of rewards are based primarily on their effects on behavior and are less directly governed by the physics and chemistry of input events as in sensory systems. Therefore, the investigation of neural mechanisms underlying reward functions requires behavioral theories that can ..."
Abstract - Cited by 187 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
provides quantifiable assessments of outcomes under uncertainty and has gone a long way to explain human and animal decision making, even though more recent data cast doubt on the logic in some decision situations A Call for Behavioral Theory Primary sensory systems have dedicated physical and chemical

Similar algorithms in different sensory systems and animals

by M. Konishi , 1990
"... Animals must both recognize and localize the sen-sory signals essential for their survival and reproduc-tion. Certain cues contained in a signal define its identi-ty and location. Such cues include, for example, the temporal pattern of song for species recognition in crickets and binaural disparitie ..."
Abstract - Cited by 6 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
Animals must both recognize and localize the sen-sory signals essential for their survival and reproduc-tion. Certain cues contained in a signal define its identi-ty and location. Such cues include, for example, the temporal pattern of song for species recognition in crickets and binaural

Animated tactile sensations in sensory substitution systems

by D A Eves, M M Novak , 1996
"... We have designed and made a computer controlled, electrocutaneously stimulated, tactile display to assist in the interpretation of complex graphical data. This paper covers the initial experiments with the tactile display, complementing the standard VDU. An animated vector was generated and the abso ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
We have designed and made a computer controlled, electrocutaneously stimulated, tactile display to assist in the interpretation of complex graphical data. This paper covers the initial experiments with the tactile display, complementing the standard VDU. An animated vector was generated

Earthquake prediction by animals: evolution and sensory perception

by Joseph L. Kirschvink - Bull. Seis. Soc. Am , 2000
"... Abstract Animals living within seismically active regions are subjected episodically to intense ground shaking that can kill individuals through burrow collapse, egg destruction, and tsunami action. Although anecdotal and retrospective reports of animal behavior suggest that although many organisms ..."
Abstract - Cited by 14 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
earthquake precursors that are presently outside the realm of seismology might be gleaned from the study of animal behavior, sensory physiology, and genetics. A brief review of possible seismic precursors suggests that tilt, hygroreception (humidity), electric, and magnetic sensory systems in animals could

Sensory integration regulating male courtship behavior in Drosophila

by Dimitrije Krstic, Werner Boll, Markus Noll - PLoS ONE , 2009
"... The courtship behavior of Drosophila melanogaster serves as an excellent model system to study how complex innate behaviors are controlled by the nervous system. To understand how the underlying neural network controls this behavior, it is not sufficient to unravel its architecture, but also crucial ..."
Abstract - Cited by 14 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
The courtship behavior of Drosophila melanogaster serves as an excellent model system to study how complex innate behaviors are controlled by the nervous system. To understand how the underlying neural network controls this behavior, it is not sufficient to unravel its architecture, but also

Sensory Systems in the Control of Movement

by Arthur Prochazka, Peter Ellaway
"... Animal movement is immensely varied, from the simplest reflexive responses to the most complex, dexterous voluntary tasks. Here, we focus on the control of movement in mammals, including humans. First, the sensory inputs most closely implicated in controlling movement are reviewed, with a focus on s ..."
Abstract - Cited by 2 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
Animal movement is immensely varied, from the simplest reflexive responses to the most complex, dexterous voluntary tasks. Here, we focus on the control of movement in mammals, including humans. First, the sensory inputs most closely implicated in controlling movement are reviewed, with a focus
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