-run earnings “drift, ” but negative correlation between future returns and long-term past stock market and accounting performance. The theory also offers several untested implications and implications for corporate fi-nancial policy. IN RECENT YEARS A BODY OF evidence on security returns has presented a sharp

security issues in these networks, discuss the state of the art in sensor network security, and suggest future directions for research. We cover several important security challenges, including key establishment, secrecy, authentication, privacy, robustness to denial-of-service attacks, secure routing

of individuals or organizations. This paper presents a brief description of RFID systems and their operation. We describe privacy and security risks and how they apply to the unique setting of low-cost RFID devices. We propose several security mechanisms and suggest areas for future research.

of the problem, the state-of-the-art technologies, and the current assessment metrics used to evaluate learning performance under the imbalanced learning scenario. Furthermore, in order to stimulate future research in this field, we also highlight the major opportunities and challenges, as well as potential

and discussion of the most important ethical issues concerning RFID, describe, and examine some methods of protecting privacy. Additionally, the paper examines the security risks associated with RFID technology, and privacy issues and challenges that they present to the operations of a business that implement

life-or-death decisions, making fail-safe security a necessity. However, providing strong security in vehicular networks raises important privacy concerns that must also be considered. To address these challenges, we propose a set of security primitives that can be used as the building blocks of secure

Low-cost RFID tags are already being used for supply chain management and are a promising new technology that can be used to support the security of wireless ubiquitous applications. However current RFID technology is designed to optimize performance, with less attention paid to resilience

Abstract. With mobile RFID technology, handheld portable devices like mobile phones and PDAs, also behave as RFID readers and RFID tags. As RFID readers, mobile phones provide an user-friendly approach to quickly and efficiently scan, access and view information about RFID tagged items. As RFID

We describe our success in defeating the security of an RFID device known as a Digital Signature Transponder (DST). Manufactured by Texas Instruments, DST (and variant) devices help secure millions of SpeedPass TM payment transponders and automobile ignition keys. Our analysis of the DST involved

and tracking using radio waves. Each member has its unique id or RFID tag. However security and privacy pose significant challenges on the system. This paper will describe about the brief introduction of the old and dynamic method employed for network security that is cryptography. Cryptographic technique