reductions in phytoplankton biomass (as chlorophyll a) or HAB incidence when nutrient controls were put in place. Shifts in species composition have often been attributed to changes in nutrient supply ratios, primarily N:P or N:Si. Recently this concept has been extended to include organic forms of nutrients

The Czochralski silicon (Cz-Si) has intrinsically high oxygen concentration. Therefore Cz-Si is considered as a promising material for the tracking systems in future very high luminosity colliders. In this contribution a brief overview of the Czochralski crystal growth is given. The fabrication

demonstrate manufacturable wafer-scale mitochondrial functional assay lab-on-a-chip devices, which require mitochondrial protein quantities three orders of magnitude less than current assays, integrated onto 499 standard silicon wafer with new fabrication processes and materials. Membrane potential changes

New thermal management solutions to keep components within thermal limits are needed to fully exploit the potential of 3D integration of ICs yielding dense electronic systems with increased performance and power efficiency. A roadmap from embedded single-side towards 3D interlayer cooling

. Keywords--- microsystems, internal bus interface I. Introduction The advances in silicon technology allow the introduction of a new system concept, the microsystem, as a merger between microelectronics and micromechanics. The concept of ASIC #Application Speci#c Integrated Circuits# based on some

ABSTRACT A noise-immune silicon nanowire (SiNW)/complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) hybrid biosensor is demonstrated by using a conventional wafer-scale top-down technology. We propose a new sensing metric, the direct voltage output of the biosensor combined with the n-/p-type Si

Abstract-This paper presents a three-dimensional, highly par-allel, optically interconnected system to process high-throughput stream data such as images. The vertical optical interconnections are realized using integrated optoelectronic devices operating at wavelengths to which silicon

A quasi-monolithic MEMS concept setting up a new family of MEMS-based sensors is presented. The concept combines the advantages of hybrid MEMS with respect to optimal technology choice, and of monolithic integrated MEMS with respect to system integrity, on chip signal conditioning, self

This paper describes the design, fabrication and experimental results of a new, low cost, high-performance silicon micropump developed for a disposable drug delivery system. The pump chip demonstrates linear and accurate ( 5%) pumping characteristics for flow rates up to 2 ml/h with intrinsic

A lot of research has been done to try to reduce the costs of solar cells by developing ribbon growth techniques that bypass the ingot/wafering step. The SDS-Silicon on Dust Substrate process, here described, is a technique to produce ribbons directly from the gas phase. Test solar cells were