(but decreasing marginal) productivity of labor, reduced growth rates of labor income, excess capacity, and the requirement for downsizing and exit. The last two decades indicate corporate internal control systems have failed to deal effectively with these changes, especially slow growth

of this grain and its components. The objective of this work is to determine the oat grains drying dynamic and to evaluate the effect of this operation in the germinability and the grain enzymatic activity. Germination, vigor, lipase and peroxidase activity, acidity of ether extract (free fatty acids) were

The use of natural enemies to control insect pests has been developed to reduce using insecticides for safety of human, animals and the environment. Most of the biological control practices are aimed for control of insect pests in the field and there is very little work done for post-harvest sector

Multivariate analysis of the temporal changes of fungal communities in unsafe storage conditions of some common wheat varieties in relation to relative humidity level and rice weevil infestation

Horseradish essential oil is a biological fumigant which was extracted from Armoracia rusticana The effects of different concentrations, temperatures and grain types by fumigation using horseradish essential oil were studied in this paper. The oil had significant fumigation efficacy against pests in stored grain under natural conditions. In the absence of grain, a concentration of 2.25 ppm horseradish essential oil could kill Sitophilus zeamais and Rhyzopertha dominica after 12 h at 25oC. Three ppm of horseradish essential oil could kill all the S. zeamais and R. dominica on the surface of maize, wheat and paddy during 72 h exposure at 25oC. The mortalities of S. zeamais placed under maize, wheat and paddy were 100%, 100 % and 98%, respectively, using 24 ppm of horseradish essential oil at exposure for 72 h at 25 oC. The mortalities of R. dominica were 100%, 93 % and 86%, respectively, under the above conditions. Temperature did not result in significant differences on the fumigation efficacy of horseradish essential oil. Different types of stored grain had a significant influence on the fumigation efficacy of horseradish essential oil. The order of fumigation efficacy were maize, wheat and paddy. We concluded that horseradish oil could be used as a sanitary and environmentally user-friendly bio-fumigant within empty granaries or other storage structures.

China currently plans to introduce a water rights system to replace the water use permit system that has been approved in 1988 and amended in 2002. This paper documents the need for such a water rights system based on a series of case studies that describe out water-related problems (water shortages, water pollution, environmental degradation) and presents a recent water trade among Chinese cities. The paper also provides ideas and suggestions on where such a system should be placed from an administrative point of view, and what issues would need to be considered during the implementation of a water rights system. I. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND China is a developing country, which faces both substantial water resource shortages and environmental degradation of the resource base. Annual water demand continues to increase as a result of a growing population and rapid economic growth. In some districts with serious water shortages, the development

The effect of some biochemical and technological properties of wheat grain on granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) development

Comparative insecticidal efficacy of five raw African diatomaceous earths against three tropical stored grain Coleopteran pests:

Influence of drying conditions and storage period, in the physical integrity and cooking time of beans

Real-time monitoring of a flour mill fumigation with sulfuryl fluoride